Abstract
It is shown that nuclear target fragmentation in proton and heavy ion induced reactions, in particular the following experimental facts concerning the mass-yield distribution can be understood in terms of a semiclassical model:(i) its independence on the mass of the projectile at approximately the same incident energies,(ii) its trend of approaching a limit at higher bombarding energies,(iii) its “U-formed” shape at sufficiently high bombarding energies. Standard methods in statistical theory of chemical equilibrium are used to calculate the mass-yield distribution for medium and heavy target nuclei in high-energy nuclear reactions where the Coulomb interaction between the fragments is taken into account selfconsistently. The result shows: The fact that the decaying rest target nucleus and its fragments are bounded objects of finite size and finite charge have significant influences, especially on the form of the mass-yield distributions.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.References
Kaufman, S.B., Steinberg, E.P.: Phys. Rev. C22, 167 (1980)
Kaufman, S.B., Weisfield, M.W., Steinberg, E.P., Wilkins, B.D., Henderson, D.: Phys. Rev. C14, 1121 (1976)
Wolfgang, R., Baker, E.W., Caretto, A.A., Cumming, J.B., Friedlander, G., Hudis, J.: Phys. Rev.103, 394 (1956)
Grover, J.R.: Phys. Rev.126, 1540 (1962)
Rudy, C.R., Porile, N.T.: Phys. Lett.59 B, 240 (1975)
Cumming, J.B., Stoenner, R.W., Haustein, P.E.: Phys. Rev. C14, 1554 (1976)
Loveland, W., Otto, R.J., Morrissey, D.J., Seaborg, G.T.: Phys. Rev. Lett.39, 320 (1977)
Loveland, W., Otto, R.J., Morrissey, D.J., Seaborg, G.T.: Phys. Lett.69 B, 284 (1977)
Morrissey, D.J., Loveland, W., Seaborg, G.T.: Z. Phys. A — Atoms and Nuclei289, 123 (1978)
Friedlander, G.: In: Proceedings of the Symposium on the Physics and Chemistry of Fission, Salzburg, 1965, p. 265, IAEA, Vienna, Austria
Hudis, J., Kirsten, T., Stoenner, R.W., O.A. Schaeffer: Phys. Rev. C2, 2019 (1970)
Remsberg, L.P., Plasil, F., Cumming, J.B., Perlman, M.L.: Phys. Rev.187, 1597 (1969)
Wilkins, B.D., Kaufman, S.B., Steinberg, E.P., Urbon, J.A., Henderson, D.J.: Phys. Rev. Lett.43, 1080 (1979)
Wilkins, B.D., Steinberg, E.P., Kaufman, S.B.: Phys. Rev. C19 (1979)
Cumming, J.B., Haustein, P.E., Stoenner, R.W., Mausner, L., Naumann, R.A.: Phys. Rev. C10, 739 (1974)
English, G., Porile, N.T., Steinberg, E.P.: Phys. Rev. C10, 2268 (1974)
Kaufman, S.B., Steinberg, E.P., Wilkins, B.D., Henderson, D.J.: Phys. Rev. C22, 1897 (1980)
Hudis, J., Dostrovsky, L., Friedlander, G., Grover, J.R., Porile, N.T., Remsberg, L.P., Stoenner, R.W., Tanaka, S.: Phys. Rev.129, 434 (1963)
English, G., Yu, Y.W., Porile, N.T.: Phys. Rev. C10, 2281 (1974)
Chang, S.K., Sugarman, N.: Phys. Rev. C9, 1138 (1974)
Kaufman, S.B., Steinberg, E.P., Weisfield, M.W.: Phys. Rev. C18, 1349 (1978)
Cumming, J.B., Haustein, P.E., Ruth, T.J., Virtes, G.J.: Phys. Rev. C17, 1632 (1978)
Meng Ta-chung: In: Proceedings of the Topical Meeting on Multiparticle Production on Nuclei at Very High Energies. Trieste, Italy 1976, Bellini, G., Bertocchi, L., Rancoita. P.G. (eds.) (ICTP, Trieste, 1976), p. 435; Phys. Rev. D15, 197 (1977)
In terms of the abrasion-ablation model of Bowman et al. (see e.g. Morrissey, D.J., March, W.R., Otto, R.J., Loveland, W., Seaborg, G.T.: Phys. Rev. C18, 1267 (1978)) the RT would be a “spectator” formed by a clean cut between the projectile and the target both of which areclassical (i.e. impenetrable) objects. The excitation energy of the “spectator” is due to itsexcess surface energy. Since in our picture the excitation of the RT is due to energy-momentum transfer to the RT while the projectile and the target may also be able to “go through” each other [23]. We do not use the word “spectator” in order to avoid confusion
Gross, D.H.E., Kalinowski, H.: Phys. Rep.45, 177 (1978)
Randrup, J., Koonin, S.E.: Nucl. Phys. A356, 223 (1981)
Hoyle, F.: Monthly Notices R. Astrom. Soc.106, 343 (1946)
Myers, W.D., Swiatecki, W.J.: Nucl. Phys.81, 1 (1966)
Busza, W.: In: High-Energy Physics and Nuclear Structure 1975 AIP conference proceedings 26, p. 211. Nagle, D.E., Borman, R.L., Storms, B.G., Goldhaber, A.F., Hargrave, C.K. (eds.): American Institute of Physics, N.Y. (1975)
A short report on this part of the paper has been given at the 4th Nordic Meeting on Intermediate and High Energy Nuclear Physics, Geilo, January 1981: Gross, D.H.E., Meng Tachung: Proceeding of the above-mentioned conference, p. 29
Weiner, R., Weström, M.: Phys. Rev. Lett.34, 1523 (1975);
Beckmann, R., Raha, S., Stelte, N., Weiner, R.M.: Phys. Lett.105 B, 411 (1981)
Abdul-Magd. A., Hüfner, J.: Z. Phys. A227, 379 (1976)227, 379 (1976)
Campi, X., Hüfner, J.: Preprint (1981)
Fai, G., Randrup, J.: Preprint, LBL-13357 (1981)
Cumming, J.B.: Phys. Rev. Lett.44, 17 (1980)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Work supported in part by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
We thank U. Brosa, T.T. Chou, J.B. Cumming, G. Friedlander, S. Grossmann, P. Heustein, S.B. Kaufman, N.T. Porile, E.P. Steinberg, D.B. Wilkins and C.N. Yang for helpful discussions and suggestions.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gross, D.H.E., Satpathy, L., Ta-chung, M. et al. Mass-yield distribution in proton and heavy ion induced target fragmentation processes. Z Physik A 309, 41–48 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01420149
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01420149