Abstract
In spite of differences in etiology, RA and OA lead to astonishingly similar synovitic alterations. Fibroblastic transformation of the synovial membrane and an increase in monocytes constitute a rare but highly characteristic feature of RA. Monocytes synthesize factor (F) XIII, implying that FXIII (a and s) in synovial tissue might help to differentiate between RA and OA. Biopsies were obtained at open surgery from 98 unselected patients with the clinical diagnosis of RA (n=54) or OA (n=44). In a three-stage (ABC) immunoperoxidase technique, polyclonal antisera against factor XIIIa and factor XIIIs were investigated. Compared to OA sections, RA synovium showed more FXIIIa-positve cells - monocytes, fibrocytes, fibroblasts and synovial lining cells. In the subsynovial layer, band-like structure of FXIIIa-stained cells was observed in 27.8% of the RA patients, but in only one OA specimen. Higher proportions of FXIIIa-positive monocytes, macrophages, histiocytes and fibroblasts, as well as positive Langhans' giant cells and vascular wall regions (except endothelial cells), were observed in RA. OA specimens revealed more intense FXIIIa labeling of these cells with a lower percentage of stained cells. Overall, labeling with FXIIIs antibody resulted in less intense staining. In conclusion, distinction between synovitis caused by RA and synovitis due to OA is possible, as the former show higher numbers of FXIIIa-positive cells, including monocytes, fibroblasts, fibrocytes and synovial lining cells. Furthermore, RA tissue is stained less intensely than OA tissue. There is evidence for continuous excretion of FXIII in the synovial membrane by the above-mentioned cell systems.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hunter RB, Koller F, Beck E (1964) Fibrinogen and fibirin turnover of clotting factors. Thromb Diath Haemorrh [Suppl] 13:420–428
Bohn H, Haupt H, Kranz T (1972) Die molekulare Struktur der fibrinstabilisierenden Faktoren des Menschen. Blut 25:235–248
Loewy AG, Retacic S, Darnell JH (1966) Transamidase activity of the enzyme responsible for insoluble fibrin formation. Arch Biochem Biophys 113:435–438
Pisano JJ, Finlayson JS, Peyton MP (1968) Cross-link in fibrin polymerized by factor 13: epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl) lysine. Science 160:892–893
Laki K, Lorand L (1948) On the solubility of fibrin clots. Science 108:280
Chung SI, Galnakis DK, Folk JE (199I) Factors that regulate factor XIIIa activity in vivo: possible role of thiols and albumin. (abstract) Second International Conference On Factor XIII, Marburg, Germany, A6
Cohen I, Blankenberg TA, Borden D, Kahn DR, Veis A (1979) Factor XIIIa-catalyzed cross-linking of platelet and muscle actin. Biochim Biophys Acta 628:365–375
Kesi-Oja J, Mosher DF, Vaheri A (1976) Cross-linking of a major fibroblast surface-associated glycoprotein (fibronectin) catalysed by blood coagulation factor XIII. Cell 9:29–35
Mosher DF (1984) Cross-linking of fibronectin to collagenous proteins. Mol Cell Biochem 58:63–68
Kanaide H, Shainoff JR (1975) Cross-linking of fibrinogen and fibrin by fibrin-stabilizing factor (FXIIIa). J Lab Clin Med 85:574–597
Weinberg JB, Pippen AMM, Greenberg CS (1991) Extravascular fibrin formation and dissolution in synovial tissue of patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 34:996–1005
Polgar J, Hidasi V, Muszbek L (1990) Non-proteolytic activation of cellular protransaminase (placenta macrophage factor XIII). Biochem J 267:557–560
Arnett FC, Edworthy SM, Block DA, McShane DJ, Cooper NS, Healey LA, Kaplan SR, Liang MIL, Luthra HS, Medsger TA, Mitchell DM, Neustadt DH, Pinals RS, Schaller JG, Sharp JT, Wilder RL, Hunder GG (1988) The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 31:315–324
Steinbrocker O, Traeger CH, Battermen RC (1949) Therapeutic criteria in rheumaoid arthritis. J Am Med Assoc 140:659–662
Fritz P, Laschner W, Saal JG, Deichsel G, Tuczek HV, Wegner G (1989) Histological classification of synovitis. Zentralbl Allg Pathol 135:729–741
Hsu SM, Raine L, Fanger H (1981) Use of avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) in immunoperoxidase techniques: a comparison between ABC and unlabeled antibody (PAP) procedures. J Histochem Cytochem 29:577–580
Cordell JL, Falini B, Erber WN, Ghosh AK, Abdulaziz Z, MacDonald S, Pulford KA, Stein H, Mason DY (1984) Immunoenzymatic labeling of monoclonal antibodies using immune complexes of alkaline phosphatase and monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP complexes). J Histochemn Cytochem 32:219–229
Junqueira LC, Carneiro J, Schiebler TH, Peiper U, Schneider F (eds) (1986) Histologie. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 127
Nykänen P, Bergroth V, Raunio P, Nordstrom D (1986) Phenotypic characterization of H-thymidine incorporating cells in rheumatoid arthritis synovial membrane. Rheumatol Int 6:269–271
Fehr K, Miehle W, Schattenkirchner M, Tillmann K (1989) Rheumatologie in Praxis und Klinik. Thieme, Stuttgart, pp 7.1–7.158
Fritz P, Müller J, Reiser H, Saal JG, Hadam M, Rautenstrauch H, Tuczek HV, Mischlinski A (1984) Distribution of mast cells in human synovial tissue of patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Z Rheumatol 43:294–298
Helbig B, Gross WL, Borisch B, Starz H, Müller-Hermelink HK (1988) Characterization of synovial macrophages by monoclonal antibodies in RA and OA. Scand J Rheumatol 76:61–66
Janossy G, Duke O, Poulter LW, Panayi G, Bofill M, Goldstein G (1981) Rheumatoid arthritis: a disease of T-lymphocyte/macrophage immunoregulation. Lancet 2:839–842
Johnell O, Hulth A, Henricson A (1985) T-lymphocyte subsets and HLA-DR-expressing cells in the ostcoarthritic synovialis. Scand J Rheumatol 14:259–264
Kennedy TD, Plater-Zyberk C, Partridge TA, Woodrow DF, Maini RN (1988) Morphometric comparison of synovium from patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Pathol 41:847–852
Bruhn HD, Pohl J (1981) Growth regulation of fibroblasts by thrombin, factor XIII and fibronectin. Klin Wochenschr 59:145–146
Adany R, Berkin A, Vasilevskaya T, Muszbek L (1985) Identification of blood coagulation factor XIII in human peritoneal macrophages. Eur J Cell Biol 38:171–173
Muszbek L, Adany R, Szegedi G, Polgar J, Kavai M (1985) Factor XIII of blood coagulation in human monocytes. Thromb Res 37:401–410
Fear JD, Jackson P, Gray C, Miloszewski KJA, Losowsky MS (1984) Localisation of factor XIII in human tissues using an immunoperoxidase technique. J Clin Pathol 37:560–563
Reid MB, Gray C, Fear JD, Bird CC (1986) Immunohistological demonstration of factors XIIIa and XIIIs in reactive and neoplastic fibroblastic and fibrohistiocytic lesions. Histopathology 10:1171–1178
Schaumburg-Lever G, Gehring B, Kaiserling E (1994) Ultrastructural localizing of factor XIIIa. J Cutan Pathol 21:129–134
Nickoloff BJ, Griffiths CEM (1989) The spindle-shaped cells in cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma. Am J Pathol 135:793–800
Iwabuchi S (1983) Hepatic fibrosis and coagulation factor XIII. (abstract) Nippon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zusshi 80:2229
Nemes Z, Thomazy V (1986) Identification of histocytic reticulum cells by the immuno-histochemical demonstration of factor XIII (FXIIIa) in human lymph nodes. J Pathol 149:121–132
Adany R, Fodor F, Molnar P, Ablin RJ, Muszbek L (1990) Increased density of histiocytes in uterine leiomyomas. Int J Gynecol Pathol 9:137–144
Yamakawa M, Takagi M, Tajima K, Ohe S, Osanai T, Kuido S, Ito M, Sato T, Imai Y (1991) Localization of blood coagulation factors and fibrinolysis factors within lymphoid germinal centers in human lymph nodes. Histochemistry 96:123–127
Adany R, Nemes Z, Muszbek L (1987) Characterization of factor XIII containing macrophages in lymph nodes with Hodgkin's disease. Br J Cancer 55:421–426
Poon M-C, Russell JA, Low S, Sinclair GD, Jones AR, Blahey W (1989) Hemopoietic origin of factor XIII a subunits in platelets, monocytes and plasma. J Clin Invest 84:787–792
Zeher M, Adany R, Nagy G, Gomez R, Szegedi G (1991) Macrophage containing factor XIII subunit a in salivary glands of patients with Sjogren's syndrome. J Invest Allergol Clin Immunol 1:261–265
Klingemann HG, Egbring R, Havemann K (1981) Incomplete fibrin formation and highly elevated factor XIII activity in multiple myeloma. Scand J Haematol 27:253–262
Saito Y, Imada T, Takagi J, Kikuchi T, Inada Y (1986) Platelet factor XIII, the collagen receptor? J Biol Chem 261:1355–1358
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Plenz, A., Fritz, P., König, G. et al. Immunohistochemical detection of factor XIIIa and factor XIIIs in synovial membranes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis. Rheumatol Int 16, 29–36 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01419952
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01419952