Abstract
Fasted rats were given either 16,16-dimethyl-PGE2 (dmPGE2) (1 μg/kg) or normal saline subcutaneously followed by the oral administration of 1 ml of 100% ethanol or saline 30 min later. At 1, 3, 6, and 24 hr later, animals were sacrificed, their stomachs examined for necrotic ulcerations, and the incorporation of [3H] thymidine into DNA as well as tissue levels of DNA, RNA, and protein content of glandular mucosa determined. Compared with control animals, severe ulcerations of 70–80% of the glandular mucosa were observed in rats give 100% ethanol at all time periods. Accompanying these ulcerations were marked depressions in tissue levels of DNA and RNA at 1, 3, 6, and 24 hr after exposure to ethanol, and protein at 1, 3, and 6 hr following ethanol. In rats pretreated with dmPGE2 before ethanol administration, these alterations in tissue levels of DNA, RNA, and protein were prevented as were ulcerations of the glandular stomach at each time period. Synthesis of mucosal DNA was not significantly different from control rats in any of the groups studied. It is concluded that (1) gastric mucosal damage by alcohol is associated with a decrease in tissue levels of DNA, RNA, and protein; (2) dmPGE2 maintains normal tissue levels of DNA, RNA, and protein by preventing the shedding of mucosal cells by alcohol; and (3) the ability of dmPGE2 to prevent gastric damage by alcohol is not mediated through stimulation of DNA synthesis.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Robert A, Nezamis JE, Lancaster C, Hanchar AJ: Cytoprotection of prostaglandins in rats: prevention of gastric necrosis produced by alcohol, HCl, NaOH, hypertonic NaCl and thermal injury. Gastroenterology 77:433–443, 1979
Imondi AR, Balis MD, Lipkin M: Nucleic acid metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract of the mouse during fasting and restraint stress. Exp Mol Pathol 9:339–348, 1968
Kim Y, Kerr RJ, Lipkin M: Cell proliferation during the development of stress erosions in the mouse stomach. Nature 215:1180–1181, 1967
Lahtiharju A, Rytomaa T: DNA synthesis in fore and glandular stomach and in skin after nonspecific stress in mice. Exp Cell Res 46:593–596, 1967
Ludwig WM, Lipkin M: Biochemical and cytological alterations in gastric mucosa of guinea pigs under restraint stress. Gastroenterology 56:895–902, 1969
Takeuchi K, Johnson LR: Pentagastrin protects against stress ulceration in rats. Gastroenterology 76:327–334, 1979
Eaglstein WH, Weinstein GD: Prostaglandin and DNA synthesis in human skin: Possible relationship to ultraviolet light effects. J Invest Dermatol 64:386–389, 1975
Lupulescu A: Effect of prostaglandins on protein, RNA, DNA and collagen synthesis in experimental wounds. Prostaglandins 10:573–579, 1975
Munro HN, Fleck A: Recent developments in the measurement of nucleic acid in biological materials. Analyst 91:78–88, 1966
Burton K: A study of the conditions and mechanism of the diphenylamine reaction for the colorimetric estimation of deoxyribonucleic acid. Biochem J 62:315–323, 1956
Giles KW, Myers A: An improved diphenylamine method for the estimation of deoxyribonucleic acid. Nature 206:93, 1965
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ: Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193:265–275, 1951
Miller TA, Henagan JM: Protection against alcohol-induced gastric mucosal damage by topical prostaglandin E2. Surg For 30:334–337, 1979
Tepperman BL, Miller TA, Johnson LR: Effect of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 on ethanol-induced damage to canine oxyntic mucosa. Gastroenterology 75:1061–1065, 1978
Miller TA, Tepperman BL: Effect of prostaglandin E2 on aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury. J Surg Res 26:10–17, 1979
Ruppin H, Person B, Domschke W, Robert A: Zytoprotective wirkungen von prostaglandin E2 auf die magenschleimhaut beim menschen. Dstch Med Wochenschr 104:1457–1458, 1979
Robert A, Hanchar AJ, Lancaster C, Nezamis JE, Culp JW, Li LH: Prevention of cellular shedding as a mechanism of gastric cytoprotection by prostaglandins. Gastroenterology 78:1244, 1980 (abstract)
Enochs MR, Johnson LR: Changes in protein and nucleic acid synthesis in rat gastric mucosa after pentagastrin. Am J Physiol 232:E223–228, 1977
Williams G, Vansteenkiste Y, Limbosch JM: Stimulating effect of gastrin on cell proliferation kinetics in canine fundic mucosa. Gastroenterology 62:385–389, 1972
Johnson LR, Guthrie P: Effect of cholecytokinin and 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 on RNA and DNA of gastric and duodenal mucosa. Gastroenterology 70:59–65, 1976
Fang WF, Broughton A, Jacobson ED: Indomethacin-induced intestinal inflammation. Am J Dig Dis 22:749–760, 1977
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This work was supported by Research Grant AM 25838 from the National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolism and Digestive Diseases.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Miller, T.A., Gum, E.T., Guinn, E.J. et al. Prostaglandin prevents alterations in DNA, RNA, and protein in damaged gastric mucosa. Digest Dis Sci 27, 776–781 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01391369
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01391369