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Scanning electron microscopy of oriented high density polyethylene

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Summary

The microfibrillar and lamellar morphologies in cold-drawn and cold-drawn/annealed high-density polyethylene sheets were observed by means of scanning electron microscopy. Differences in contrast on fracture surfaces for cold-drawn sheet are interpreted in terms of a preferential orientation of inter-microfibrillar tie molecules in the plane of the sheet brought about by the drawing mechanism. In annealed, cold-drawn sheet, stacks of lamellae were observed which showed twinned orientations of inclined lamellae. This “roof-top” structure is interpreted in terms of shear within the individual microfibrils during micronecking, and corresponds to the well-known 4-point small-angle X-ray pattern for this type of specimen. Light etching with fuming nitric acid was necessary in order to resolve the individual lamellar texture.

Zusammenfassung

Die mikrofibrillare und lamellare Morphologie in kaltverstreckten bzw. kaltverstreckten und anschließend getemperten HD-Polyäthylenplatten wurden mittels Raster-Elektronenmikroskopie untersucht.

Kontrastunterschiede an Bruchoberflächen im Falle kaltverstreckten Polyäthylens werden interpretiert durch eine, vom Verstreckmechanismus bedingte, bevorzugte Orientierung der inter-mikrofibrillaren tie-Moleküle in der Plattenebene. An kaltverstreckten/getemperten Platten wurden Lamellenstapel beobachtet, die eine Zwillingsorientierung von geneigten Lamellen aufwiesen. Diese ‚dachförmige’ Struktur wird erzeugt durch eine Scherung innerhalb der Mikrofibrillen während der Mikro-Halsbildung und deutet das bekannte 4-Punkt-Röntgen-Kleiriwinkelbeugungsdiagramm.

Zur Auflösung der einzelnen, lamellaren Textur wurde eine leichte Ätzung mit rauchender Salpetersäure benötigt.

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Owen, A.J. Scanning electron microscopy of oriented high density polyethylene. Colloid & Polymer Sci 259, 252–259 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01381769

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