Summary
In order to study the Mn nutrition ofbidi tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum L. aromatic strain 2-1) when it is supplied with nutrient solutions containing different ratios of Mn with Fe, P, K and Ca, a sand-culture experiment was carried out in four different series viz. Fe-Mn, K-Mn, P-Mn and Ca-Mn. No characteristic deficiency symptoms except general loss of green colour and diminished growth were observed at 0.1 ppm Mn in the nutrient solution. Toxicity was observed when Mn in the nutrient solution was 100 ppm and severity of the symptoms decreased with increase in Fe-Mn or K-Mn ratios, but it increased when P-Mn ratio increased while in Ca-Mn series it first decreased and then increased at still higher concentration of Ca on account of chloride ion effect as CaCl2 had to be added to bring about 500 ppm concentration of Ca necessary for the treatment. No symptoms of deficiency or toxicity were observed when Mn in nutrient solution varied from 1 to 10 ppm and Fe-Mn ratio for the leaf varied from 0.4 to 6.1 and its Mn content varied from 190 to 1575 ppm. Slight loss of green colour and plant vigour appeared when Fe-Mn ratio for the leaf was higher than 12.8 even though the Mn content was as high as 90 ppm. Toxic effect due to excessive Mn was felt when Fe-Mn ratio was 0.35 or less and leaf content 1875 ppm or more. Nicotine content was inversely related to the intensity of Mn-toxicity.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A.O.A.C., Association of Official Agricultural Chemists. 7th Ed. Washington, D.C. (1950).
A.O.A.C., Association of Official Agricultural Chemists. 8th Ed. Washington, D.C. (1955).
Bortner, C. E., Toxicity of manganese to Turkish tobacco in acid Kentucky soils. Soil Sci.39, 15–33 (1935).
Hewitt, E. J., Sand and water culture methods used in the study of plant nutrition. Commonwealth Bur. Hort. Tech. Commun.22, East Malling (1952).
Hiatt, A. J., and Ragland, J. L., Manganese toxicity in burley tobacco. Agron. J.55, 47–49 (1963).
Jackson, M. L., Soil Chemical analysis. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N. J. (1958).
Jackson, T. L., Westerman, D. T., and Moore, D. P., The effect of chloride and lime on the manganese uptake by bush beans and sweet corn, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc.30, 70–73 (1966).
Larsen, S., The effect of phosphate application on manganese content of plants grown on neutral and alkaline soils. Plant and Soil21, 37–42 (1964).
Morris, H. D., and Pierre, W. H., Minimum concentrations of manganese necessary for injury to various legumes in culture solutions. Agron. J.41, 107–112 (1949).
Page, E. R., Schofield-Palmer, E. K., and Mac Gregor, A. J., Studies in soil and plant manganese. IV — Superphosphate fertilization and manganese content of young oat plants. Plant and Soil19, 255–264 (1963).
Shah, H. C., and Mehta, B. V., Magnesium-phosphorus-crude fat interrelationships in the seed of pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoideum — Rich.). Soil Sci.87, 320–324 (1959).
Somers, I. I., and Shive, J. W., The iron-manganese relation in plant metabolism. Plant Physiol.17, 582–602 (1942).
Stewart, I., and Leonard, C. D., Effect of various salts on the availability of zinc and manganese to citrus. Soil Sci.95, 149–154 (1963).
Truog, E., Goates, R. J., Gerloff, G. L., and Berger, K. C., Magnesium-phosphorus relationships in plant nutrition. Soil Sci.63, 19–25 (1947).
Vlamis, J., and Williams, D. E., Ion competition in manganese uptake by barley plants. Plant Physiol.37, 650–655 (1962).
Volk, N. J., The determination of small amounts of exchangeable potassium in soils employing the sodium cobaltinitrite procedure. J. Am. Soc. Agron.33, 684–589 (1941).
Willard, H. H., and Greathouse, L. H., The colorimetric determination of manganese by oxidation with periodate. J. Am. Chem. Soc.39, 2366–2377 (1917).
Winton, A. L., and Winton, K. B., The Analysis of Foods. Chapman and Hall Ltd., London (1945).
York, E. T. Jr., Bradfield, R., and Peech, M., Influence of lime and K on yield and cation composition of plants. Soil Sci.77, 53–63 (1954).
Additional information
Contribution from the Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science Division, Institute of Agriculture, Anand, G.S., India.
Prof. and Head of the Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science Division, and Lecturer in Agricultural Chemistry, respectively.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mehta, B.V., Patel, N.K. Effect of different iron-, potassium-, phosphate-, and calcium-manganese relationships on the growth and chemical composition of aromatic strain of bidi tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Plant Soil 30, 305–316 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01349518
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01349518