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Interrelationships between methods of spray application, retention, and weather conditions on the herbicidal efficiency of 2,4-dinitro-ortho-cresol

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Summary

Employing four test plants (Brassica napus, Fagopyrum esculentum, Pisum sativum andTriticum vulgare) the effects of varying the spray output (0.55 to 20.0 mm3/cm2) and the nozzle orifice (mean mass diameter of spray droplets 160–408 µ) on retention by the shoots of young seedlings were first investigated. As long as the nozzle output did not exceed 15 mm3/cm2, then for each species and for each nozzle the level of retention was proportional to the volume of spray reaching the leaf surface. For a given output the proportion retained was inversely related to the mean droplet size. The magnitude of this effect was greatest forT. vulgare and least forP. sativum.

Lowering the surface tension of the spray solution or pretreating plants ofP. sativum with trichloroacetic acid diminishes the contact angle made between the drops and the leaf surface and this reduction in the angle is associated with a higher retention ratio.

The relation between the amount of spray retained and the concentration of 2,4-dinitro-o-cresol (DNC) required to kill half the plants ofF. esculentum, P. sativum andB. napus was studied. For each species, irrespective of spray output or mean droplet size the equi-effective dose of DNC remained constanti.e. the equi-effective concentration was constantly and inversely proportional to the level of retention per unit surface.

Statistical analysis of a series of experiments undertaken at different seasons of the year onB. napus demonstrated that the magnitude of the equi-effective dose of DNC was primarily dependent on the total solar radiation received during the first few hours after the spray application.

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  1. Marijkelaan 6, Bennekom, the Netherlands

    P. Riepma Kzn

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Riepma Kzn, P. Interrelationships between methods of spray application, retention, and weather conditions on the herbicidal efficiency of 2,4-dinitro-ortho-cresol. Plant Soil 12, 223–248 (1960). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01343651

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01343651

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