Skip to main content
Log in

Mapping of the functional domains of the α 4 protein of herpes simplex virus 1

  • Brief Report
  • Published:
Archives of Virology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Truncated α 4 genes were introduced into BHK tk cells along with the neomycin phosphotransferase gene, that confers resistance to the eukaryotic antibiotic G 418, driven by the HSV-1 β tk promoter (β tkneor). Stably transformed cell lines were obtained and studied for the ability of the resident truncated α 4 genes to regulate the expression of the β tkneor, and for the ability of the truncated α 4 polypeptides to localize to the nuclei of transformed cells. The results indicated that the domain(s) for β gene induction and for nuclear localization of the α 4 protein are located within the N-terminal 288 amino acids of the protein.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  1. Ackermann M, Braun D, Pereira L, Roizman B (1984) Characterization of herpes simplex virus 1 α proteins 0, 4, and 27 with monoclonal antibodies. J Virol 52: 108–118

    Google Scholar 

  2. Arsenakis M, Hubenthal-Voss J, Campadelli-Fiume G, Pereira L, Roizman B (1986) Construction and properties of a cell line constitutively expressing the herpes simplex virus glycoprotein B dependent on functional α 4 protein. J Virol 60: 674–682

    Google Scholar 

  3. Arsenakis M, Campadelli-Fiume G, Roizman B (1988) Regulation of glycoprotein D synthesis: does α 4, the major regulatory protein of herpes simplex virus 1, regulate late genes both positively and negatively? J Virol 62: 148–158

    Google Scholar 

  4. DeLuca NA, Schaffer PA (1988) Physical and functional domains of the herpes simplex virus transcriptional regulatory protein ICP 4. J Virol 62: 732–743

    Google Scholar 

  5. Dixon RAF, Schaffer PA (1980) Fine-structure mapping and functional analysis of temperature-sensitive mutants in the gene encoding the herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate early protein VP 175. J Virol 36: 189–203

    Google Scholar 

  6. Faber SW, Wilcox KW (1986) Association of the HSV-1 regulatory protein ICP 4 with specific nucleotide sequences in DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 14: 6067–6082

    Google Scholar 

  7. Honess RW, Roizman B (1974) Regulation of herpesvirus macromolecular synthesis. I. Cascade regulation of the synthesis of three groups of viral protein. J Virol 14: 8–19

    Google Scholar 

  8. Honess RW, Roizman B (1975) Regulation of herpes simplex macromolecular synthesis requires functional viral polypeptides. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 72: 1276–1280

    Google Scholar 

  9. Hubenthal-Voss J, Houghten RA, Pereira L, Roizman B (1988) Mapping of functional and antigenic domains of the α 4 protein of herpes simplex virus 1. J Virol 62: 454–462

    Google Scholar 

  10. Imbalzano AN, Shepard AA, DeLuca NA (1990) Functional relevance of specific interactions between herpes simplex virus type 1 ICP 4 and sequences from the promoter-regulatory domain of the viral thymidine kinase gene. J Virol 64: 2620–2631

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kalderon D, Roberts B, Richardson WD, Smith AE (1984) Sequence requirements for nuclear localization of SV 40 large T antigen. Nature 311: 33–38

    Google Scholar 

  12. Knipe DM, Senechek D, Rice SA, Smith JL (1987) Stage in the nuclear association of the herpes simplex virus transcriptional activator protein ICP 4. J Virol 61: 274–284

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kristie TM, Roizman B (1986) α 4, the major regulatory protein of herpes simplex virus type 1, is stably and specifically associated with the promoter-regulatory domains of α genes and selected other viral genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 3218–3222

    Google Scholar 

  14. Kristie TM, Roizman B (1986) DNA-binding site of major regulatory protein α 4 specifically associated with promoter-regulatory domains of α genes of herpes simplex virus type 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 4700–4704

    Google Scholar 

  15. Mackem S, Roizman B (1981) Regulation of herpesvirus macromolecular synthesis: temporal order of transcription of α genes is not dependent on the stringency of inhibition of protein synthesis. J Virol 40: 319–320

    Google Scholar 

  16. Mavromara-Nazos P, Silver S, Hubenthal-Voss J, McKnight JLC, Roizman B (1986) Regulation of herpes simplex virus 1 genes: α gene sequence requirements for transient induction of indicator genes regulated by β or late (γ2) promoters. Virology 149: 152–164

    Google Scholar 

  17. McGeoch DJ, Dolan A, Donald S, Brauer DHK (1986) Complete DNA sequence of the short repeat region in the genome of herpes simplex virus. Nucleic Acids Res 14: 1727–1745

    Google Scholar 

  18. Michael N, Spector D, Mavromara-Nazos P, Kristie TM, Roizman B (1988) The DNA binding properties of the major regulatory protein α 4 of herpes simplex virus. Science 239: 1531–1534

    Google Scholar 

  19. Muller MT (1987) Binding of the herpes simplex virus type 1 gene product ICP 4 to its own transcription start site. J Virol 61: 858–865

    Google Scholar 

  20. Post LE, Mackem S, Roizman B (1981) The regulation of α genes of herpes simplex virus: expression of chimeric genes produced by fusion of thymidine kinase with α gene promoters. Cell 24: 555–565

    Google Scholar 

  21. Preston VG (1981) Fine-structure mapping of herpes simplex virus type 1 temperature-sensitive mutations within the short repeat region of the genome. J Virol 39: 150–161

    Google Scholar 

  22. Randall RE, Dinwoodie N (1986) Intracellular localization of herpes simplex virus immediate-early and delayed-early proteins: evidence that ICP 4 is associated with progeny virus DNA. J Gen Virol 67: 2163–2177

    Google Scholar 

  23. Richardson WD, Roberts BC, Smith AE (1986) Nuclear localization signals in polyoma virus large T. Cell 44: 77–85

    Google Scholar 

  24. Roizman B, Kozak M, Honess RW, Hayward GS (1974) Regulation of herpes virus macromolecular synthesis: evidence for multivalent regulation of herpes simplex 1 RNA and protein synthesis. Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 39: 687–701

    Google Scholar 

  25. Shepard AA, Imbalzano AN, DeLuca NA (1989) Separation of primary structural components conferring autoregulation, transactivation, and DNA-binding properties to the herpes simplex virus transcriptional regulatory protein ICP 4. J Virol 63: 3714–3728

    Google Scholar 

  26. Shepard AA, DeLuca NA (1989) Intragenic complementation among partial peptides of herpes simplex virus regulatory protein ICP 4. J Virol 63: 1203–1211

    Google Scholar 

  27. Smiley JR, Johnson DC, Pizer LI, Everett RD (1992) The ICP 4 binding sites in the herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D (gD) promoter are not essential for efficient gD transcription during virus infection. J Virol 66: 623–631

    Google Scholar 

  28. Southern PJ, Berg P (1982) Transformation of mammalian cells to antibiotic resistance with a bacterial gene under control of the SV 40 early region promoter. J Mol Appl Genet 1: 327–341

    Google Scholar 

  29. Tedder DG, Everett RD, Wilkox KW, Beard P, Pizer LI (1989) ICP 4 binding sites in the promoter and coding regions of the herpes simplex virus gD gene contribute to activation of in vitro transcription by ICP 4. J Virol 63: 2510–2520

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sivropoulou, A., Arsenakis, M. Mapping of the functional domains of the α 4 protein of herpes simplex virus 1. Archives of Virology 129, 317–325 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01316907

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01316907

Keywords

Navigation