Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effects of insulin and glucagon on the uptake of amino acids from arterial blood by canine ileum

  • Original Articles
  • Published:
Digestive Diseases and Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Insulin and glucagon have variable effects in altering arteriovenous differences for amino acids and glucose in liver and muscle. It has not been determined whether these hormones may similarly affect intestine. Acute effects of intraarterial insulin and glucagon were evaluated inin situ, luminally cleansed ileal segments in anesthetized, fasted dogs. Insulin significantly increased the ileal uptake of valine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, threonine, and serine from arterial blood: uptake of these amino acids was approximately doubled 45 min after the end of the insulin infusion. Insulin had no effect on glucose uptake or release. Glucagon decreased ileal glutamate release into mesenteric venous blood 45 min after the end of infusion but the uptake or release of other amino acids and ammonia was not changed. Glucagon did increase mesenteric blood flow acutely and caused a net release of glucose into mesenteric venous blood. The results indicate that insulin and glucagon directly alter metabolism of the ileumin vivo.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Jefferson LS, Li JB, Rannels SR: Regulation by insulin amino acid release and protein turnover in the prefused rat hemicorpus. J Biol Chem 252:1476–1483, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  2. Pozefsky T, Felig P, Tobin JD, Soeldner JS, Cahill GF Jr: Amino acid balance across tissue of the forearm in post absorptive man. Effects of insulin at two dose levels. J Clin Invest 48:2273–2282, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  3. Mondon CE, Mortimore GE: Effects of insulin on amino acid release and urea formation in perfused rat liver. Am J Physiol 212:173–178, 1967

    Google Scholar 

  4. Miller L: The role of the liver and the non-hepatic tissues in the regulation of free amino acid levels in the blood.In Amino Acid Pools. JT Holden (ed). Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1962, p 708

    Google Scholar 

  5. Felig P, Wahren J: Influence of endogenous insulin on splanchnic glucose and amino acid metabolism. J Clin Invest 50:1702–1711, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  6. Mallette LE, Exton JH, Park CR: Effects of glucagon amino acid transport and utilization in the perfused rat liver. J Biol Chem 224:5724–5728, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  7. Shoemaker WC, Van Itallie TB: The hepatic response to glucagon in the unanesthetized dog. Endocrinology 66:260–268, 1960

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kibler RF, Taylor WJ, Myers JD: The effect of glucagon on net splanchnic balances of glucose, amino acid nitrogen, urea, ketones, and oxygen in man. J Clin Invest 43:904–915, 1964

    Google Scholar 

  9. Pozefsky T, Tancredi RG, Moxley RT, Dupre J, Tobin J: Forearm tissue metabolism in post absorptive and 60-h-fasted man: Studies with glucagon. J Clin Invest 53:61A, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ruderman NB, Berger M: The formation of glutamine and alanine in skeletal muscle. J Biol Chem 249:5500–5506, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  11. Fromm D, Field M, Silen W: Effect of insulin on sugar and amino acid transport across isolated small intestine. Am J Physiol 217:53–57, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  12. Wool IG, Manchester KL: Insulin and incorporation of amino acids into protein of rat tissues. Nature 193:345–346, 1962

    Google Scholar 

  13. Weber FL Jr, Deak SB, Laine RA: Absorption of keto analogues of branched-chain amino acids from rat small intestine. Gastroenterology 76:62–70, 1979

    Google Scholar 

  14. Weber FL Jr, Maddrey WC, Walser M: Amino acid metabolism of dog jejunum before and during absorption of keto analogues. Am J Physiol 232:E263-E269, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  15. Weber FL Jr, Veach GL: The importance of the small intestine in gut ammonium production in the fasting dog. Gastroenterology 77:235–240, 1979

    Google Scholar 

  16. Windmueller HG, Spaeth AE: Respiratory fuels and nitrogen metabolismin vivo in small intestine of fed rats. J Biol Chem 255:107–112, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  17. Cherrick GR, Stein SW, Leevy CM, Davidson CS: Indocycanine green: Observations on its physical properties, plasma decay, and hepatic extraction. J Clin Invest 39:592–600, 1960

    Google Scholar 

  18. Saifer A, Gerstenfeld S: The photometric microdetermination of blood glucose with glucose oxidase. J Lab Clin Med 51:448–460, 1958

    Google Scholar 

  19. Seligson D, Hirihara K: The measurement of ammonia in whole blood erythrocytes and plasma. J Lab Clin Med 49:962–974, 1957

    Google Scholar 

  20. Snedecor GW, Cochran WC: Statistical Methods, 6th ed. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, 1967

    Google Scholar 

  21. Rannels DE, Kao R, Morgan HE: Effect of insulin on protein turnover in heart muscle. J Biol Chem 250:1694–1701, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  22. Riggs TR, McKirahan KJ: Action of insulin on transport ofl-alanine into rat diaphragmin vitro. J Biol Chem 248:6450–6455, 1973

    Google Scholar 

  23. Manchester KL: Insulin and protein synthesis.In Biochemical Actions of Hormones. G Litwack (ed). New York, Academic Press, 1970, pp 267–314

    Google Scholar 

  24. Fulks RM, Li JB, Goodman AL: Effects of insulin, glucose, and amino acids on protein turnover in rat diaphragm. J Biol Chem 250:290–298, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  25. Elsas LJ, Wheeler FB, Danner DJ, DeHann RL: Amino acid transport by aggregates of cultured chicken heart cells. Effect of insulin. J Biol Chem 250:9381–9390, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  26. Mohri T, Kitagawa H, Riggs TR: Action of insulin on amino acid uptake by the immature rat uterusin vitro. Biochem Biophys Acta 363:249–260, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  27. Christensen HN: Some special kinetic problems of transport. Adv Enzymol 32:1–20, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  28. Felig P, Marliss E, Cahill GF Jr: Plasma amino acid levels and insulin secretion in obesity. N Engl J Med 281:811–816, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  29. Lanciault G, Jacobson ED: The gastrointestinal circulation. Gastroenterology 71:851–873, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  30. Varro V, Csernay L: The effect of intra-arterial insulin and glucagon on the glucose metabolism of the small intestine of the dog. Scand J Gastroenterol 1:232–237, 1966

    Google Scholar 

  31. Fitzpatrick GF, Meguid MM, Gitlitz PH, Brennan MF: Glucagon infusion in normal man: Effects of 3-methyl histidine excretion and plasma amino acids. Metabolism 26:477–485, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  32. Landau RL, Lugibihl K: Effect of glucagon on concentration of several free amino acids in plasma. Metabolism 18:265–276, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  33. Marliss EB, Aoki TT, Unger RH, Soeldner JS, Cahill GF, Jr: Glucagon levels and metabolic effects in fasting man. J Clin Invest 49:2256–2270, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  34. Unger RH, Ohneda A, Aguilar-Parada E, Eisentrant AM: The role of aminogenic glucagon secretion in blood glucose homeostasis. J Clin Invest 48:810–822, 1969

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cooper Drive Division, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 40511, Lexington, Kentucky

    Fredrick L. Weber Jr MD, Gary L. Veach BS & Diane W. Friedman BA

  2. Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical School, 40536, Lexington, Kentucky

    Fredrick L. Weber Jr MD, Gary L. Veach BS & Diane W. Friedman BA

Authors
  1. Fredrick L. Weber Jr MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Gary L. Veach BS
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Diane W. Friedman BA
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

This work was supported by the Veterans Administration.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Weber, F.L., Veach, G.L. & Friedman, D.W. Effects of insulin and glucagon on the uptake of amino acids from arterial blood by canine ileum. Digest Dis Sci 26, 113–118 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01312226

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01312226

Keywords

Search

Navigation