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Plasma enteroglucagon and CCK levels and cell proliferation in defunctioned small bowel in the rat

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Abstract

Luminal nutrients exert a powerful trophic effect on small bowel mucosa. Recent evidence suggests that a circulating factor, possibly enteroglucagon, is also growth-promoting. In order to study the isolated effect of nonluminal influences on bowel mucosa, Thiry-Vella fistulae (TVF) were constructed in rats. Circulating enteric hormone concentrations were manipulated by resecting different lengths of remaining gut. Thirty-two male Wistar rats had either 25%, 50%, 75%, or 90% proximal small bowel resection. In each animal the first 25% of resected bowel was exteriorized as a Thiry-Vella fistula. Seven control rats underwent jejunal transection. Twelve days postoperatively the fasted animals were killed, and circulating and tissue concentrations of enteroglucgon and CCK were estimated by radioimmunoassay. Crypt-cell production rate was used as an index of cellular proliferation in the Thiry-Vella fistulae. Proximal small bowel defunctioned in the Thirty-Vella fistulae had a significantly lower crypt-cell production rate and enteroglucagon and CCK content than the equivalent segment in transected rats. Further small bowel resection produced a subsequent increase in circulating enteroglucagon and CCK concentrations, an increase in the Thiry-Vella fistula content of these hormones, and a doubling of the crypt-cell production rate in the Thiry-Vella fistulae. These results show that circulating enteroglucagon and CCK concentrations match closely with enterocyte production even when luminal influences are excluded. It is suggested that circulating factors may play a major role in postresectional ileal hyperplasia. This hyperplasia apparently affects endocrine cells as well as enterocytes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, W12 OHS, London, UK

    G. E. Gornacz FRCS, M. A. Ghatei MPhil, PhD, M. Y. T. Al-Mukhtar MB, ChB, J. C. Yeats BSc, T. E. Adrian PhD, N. A. Wright MA, MD, PhD, MRCPath &  S. R. Bloom MA, DSc, MD, FRCP

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  1. G. E. Gornacz FRCS
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  2. M. A. Ghatei MPhil, PhD
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  3. M. Y. T. Al-Mukhtar MB, ChB
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  4. J. C. Yeats BSc
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  5. T. E. Adrian PhD
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  6. N. A. Wright MA, MD, PhD, MRCPath
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  7. S. R. Bloom MA, DSc, MD, FRCP
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This is to state that the experiments described in the enclosed paper have been performed under Home Office license in a laboratory approved for animal research.

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Gornacz, G.E., Ghatei, M.A., Al-Mukhtar, M.Y.T. et al. Plasma enteroglucagon and CCK levels and cell proliferation in defunctioned small bowel in the rat. Digest Dis Sci 29, 1041–1049 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01311257

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01311257

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