Ornithine decarboxylase activity during gastric ulcer healing in dogs

Abstract

Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity has been associated with mucosal growth and injury, yet, little information is available on ODC activity during gastric ulcer healing. We measured ODC activity in the ulcer base submucosa and the surrounding mucosa at 1 cm and 2 cm and assessed ulcer surface healing and a histologic score in experimentally induced ulcers (Quinton ulcer-maker) at 0 and 5 hr and at one, two, three, four, and seven days. A total of 26 dogs were studied, eight of which received 2% difluoromethylornithine (DFMO, a specific inhibitor of ODC) in drinking water. Ulcer healing was assessed by digitizing initial (plug size), and final ulcer surface area and was expressed as percent ulcer surface reduction. A histologic score was assessed by two independent pathologists unaware of the treatment. ODC induction was observed in the submucosa of the ulcer base but not in the surrounding mucosa. The baseline submucosal ODC activity was measured at 0.2±0.1 pmol (¹⁴CO₂)/mg protein/hr, and at one day the ODC activity increased to 4.0±0.7, at three days to 15.2±5.5, and at seven days to 2.6±1.0 (P<0.001). DFMO treatment delayed GU healing significantly up to three days, but no difference was noted at seven days. The assessed histologic parameters did not correlate with ODC activity, and DFMO treatment did not alter the histologic score. These data suggest that polyamine biosynthesis occurs in the ulcer base submucosa during the first seven days of experimentally placed gastric ulcers. Suppression of ODC activity with DFMO delays ulcer surface reduction during the first three days, but the significance of ODC induction and polyamine biosynthesis during early ulcer healing remains in question.