Conclusions
Graphite-containing inserts made by the semi-dry method have an exact shape and size, exhibit high thermal conductivity and spalling resistance, and are resistant to the erosive and corrosive effect of a stream of liquid metal and to the oxidizing effect of high temperatures.
The inserts can be used for multiple ingot casting in two molds, on condition the stream of liquid steel is kept central.
The use of graphite-containing inserts manufactured by the technique developed by the authors does not affect the quality of the metal.
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Zhikharevich, S.A., Karaulov, A.G. Graphite-containing refractories for ingot stools for top-pouring killed steel. Refractories 3, 82–87 (1962). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01293159
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01293159