Conclusions
The decisive technological factor of the life of linings (of converters) is the content of silicon in the iron and of silica in the ore.
Increasing the consumption of fluorspar leads to a reduction in the life of the lining.
The destructive action of oxides of silicon, iron, manganese, and calcium is enhanced with high-temperature operation of converter melts.
The intense working of melts and a reduction in the blast time increases the life of the refractory structure of acid converters.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature cited
I. I. Bornatskii, Physical Chemistry of the Basic Open-Hearth Process [in Russian], Metallurgizdat (1961).
S. G. Afanas'ev et al., Bulletin TsIIN ChM (1961), No. 5.
S. G. Afanas'ev et al., Stal' (1956), No. 3.
S. G. Afanas'ev et al., Stal' (1957), No. 8.
Ferrous Metallurgy of Capitalist Countries, Part III, Metallurgizdat [in Russian] (1958).