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Total implantierbarer dauerhafter zentralvenöser Zugang, Langzeiterfahrung mit subcutanen Infusionskammern

Long-term experience with totally subcutaneously implanted infusion chambers used as permanent central venous access

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Summary

Subcutaneously implanted infusion chambers represent a new method of central venous access. In 57 evaluable out of 70 patients, four different models of infusion chambers with an accumulative observation time of 57 years were implanted. In 72% of the patients, up to 12 cycles of polychemotherapy were administered. Parenteral nutrition and blood drawing were also performed. After 4,970 punctions of the system and 12.2 years of use 46 complications in 38 patients were observed, however, most were minor ones, such as temporary occlusions (12) and extravasations (14). Septum luxation (1), septum perforation (1), catheter fracture (1) and catheter migration (2) as well as 7 cases of septicemia or port-pocket-infection required explantation. Infusion chambers seem to be particularly suitable for intermittent and long-term chemotherapy and emergency bolus injections with a significant advantage (10 complications per one thousand days of use) compared to externally placed venous catheters. However, follow-up and care must be performed by a skilled team.

Zusammenfassung

Implantierbare subcutane Infusionskammern stellen eine attraktive Alternative zu konventionellen zentralvenösen Zugangssystemen dar. Bei 70 Patienten wurden 4 verschiedene Modelle implantiert. In 72% wurden bei 57 auswertbaren Patienten aufgrund einer Neoplasie bis zu 12 Cyclen einer Chemotherapie durchgeführt. Desweiteren erfolgten regelmäßige Blutentnahmen und teilweise parenterale Ernährung. Bei einer Gesamtimplantationszeit von 57 Jahren wurden 4970 Punktionen durchgeführt. Nach einer Gesamtbenutzungsdauer von 12,2 Jahren wurden 46 Komplikationen beobachtet, die in den meisten Fällen einfach therapiert werden konnten (temporärer Verschluß (12mal), Extravasion (14mal)). Neben Septumluxation (1mal) sowie Perforation (1mal) wurde ein Katheterbruch beobachtet. Ebenso machten 4 Implantattascheninfekte und 4 Katheter-bedingte Septicämien eine Explantation erforderlich. Infusionskammern stellten dennoch bei einer Komplikationsrate von 10 pro tausend Gebrauchstage für Arzt und Patient ein wenig störendes und zuverlässiges Zugangssystem mit deutlich besseren Ergebnissen dar, als nach Verwendung percutaner Katheter; Nachsorge und Betreuung bedürfen jedoch eines erfahrenen Teams.

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Lorenz, M., Hottenrott, C., Seufert, R.M. et al. Total implantierbarer dauerhafter zentralvenöser Zugang, Langzeiterfahrung mit subcutanen Infusionskammern. Langenbecks Arch Chiv 373, 302–309 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01276546

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01276546

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