Summary
In order to investigate the chloroplast reduction inEuglena gracilis, strain z during heterotrophic nutrition, the changes induced by glucose on the cellular amounts of chlorophyll, protein and carbohydrates are analysed as well as the variations of the size of chloroplasts and of the molecular composition of the thylakoids.
At the 6th hour of the cell-cycle autotrophically cultured and with a light-dark-change of 14∶10 hours synchronizedEuglena gracilis was transferred to permanent light together with application of glucose (1%) (= photoheterotrophic conditions) or to permanent light only (= autotrophic conditions). After 5, 96, 120 or 144 hours intact chloroplasts were isolated, osmotically shocked and their thylakoids degraded stepwise by addition of sodium-deoxycholate. The proteins of the resulting three membrane-fractions were separated electrophoretically. The amount of the chlorophyll-protein-complexes was determined. After 140 hours photoheterotrophic nutrition the cellular amounts of chlorophyll and protein are diminished, in comparison with autotrophic cultivation, especially the content of the chlorophyll-protein-complex CP II decreases, which is related to the light-harvesting-complex, whereas the chlorophyll-protein-complex CP I—the monomer of the reaction centers of photosystem I—is unaffected.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literatur
Aoki, S., Hase, E., 1967: Ribunucleic acids appearing during the process of chloroplast regeneration in the “glucose-bleached” cells ofChlorella protothecoides. Plant Cell Physiol.8, 181–195.
Bradstreet, R. B., 1965: The Kjeldahl method for organic nitrogen. New York-London: Academic Press.
Brandt, P., 1975: Zwei Maxima plastidärer DNA-Synthese mit unterschiedlicher Lichtabhängigkeit im Zellcyclus vonEuglena gracilis. Planta (Berl.)124, 105–107.
- 1976 a: Apochlorose durch höhere Temperatur beiEuglena gracilis. Dissertation, Göttingen.
—, 1976 b: Regulation der Synthese von Plastidenproteinen inEuglena gracilis, Stamm Z. Planta (Berl.)130, 81–83.
—, 1979: Evidence for regulative transactions between cytoplasmic and plastidial translation inEuglena gracilis. I. Quantitative changes of the spectrum of plastidial proteins by Chloramphenicol or Cycloheximide treatment. Z. Pflanzenphysiol.94, 299–306.
—, 1980 a: Stadienspezifische Quantitätsveränderungen der Chlorophyll-Protein-Komplexe CP I und CP II von synchronisierterEuglena gracilis, Stamm Z. Z. Pflanzenphysiol.100, 95–105.
-1980 b: Evidence for regulative transactions between the nucleocytoplasm and the chloroplasts inEuglena gracilis. Ber. deutsch, bot. Ges. (in press).
- 1980 c: Transformation of chlorophyll-protein complex CP I to chlorophyll-protein complex CP II together with the occurrence of an intermediate chlorophyll-protein complex CP III at cell-cycle-specific stages ofEuglena gracilis, strain z. Proc. 5th Internat. Photosynth. Congr. (in press).
—,Wiessner, W., 1977: Unterschiedliche Temperaturoptima der DNA-abhängigen RNA-Polymerasen vonEuglena gracilis, Stamm Z und ihre Bedeutung für die experimentelle Erzeugung der permanenten Apochlorose durch höhere Temperatur. Z. Pflanzenphysiol.85, 53–60.
Cook, J. R., 1963: Ultraviolet-induced apochlorosis and photoactivation in two strains ofEuglena gracilis. Photochem. Photobiol.2, 407–410.
Ebringer, L., 1970: The action of nalidixic acid onEuglena plastids. J. gen. Microbiol.61, 141–144.
—,Nemec, P., Santova, H., Foltinova, P., 1970: Changes of the plastid system ofEuglena gracilis induced with streptomycin and dihydroxystreptomycin. Arch. Mikrobiol.73, 268–280.
Gibor, A., Granick, S., 1962: Ultraviolet sensitive factors in the cytoplasm, that affect the differentiation ofEuglena plastids. J. Cell Biol.15, 599–603.
Hurlbert, R. E., Bates, R. C., 1971: Glucose utilization byEuglena gracilis var.bacillaris at higher pH. J. Protozool.18, 298–306.
Liebers, H., Parthier, B., 1974: Synthese der Lamellarproteine in Chloroplasten ergrünenderEuglena gracilis. Biochem. Physiol. Pflanzen165, 515–530.
Koll, M., Brandt, P., Wiessner, W., 1980: Hemmung der lichtabhängigen Chloroplastenentwicklung etiolierterEuglena gracilis durch Glucose. Protoplasma105, 121–128.
Lyman, H., 1967: Specific inhibition of chloroplast-replication inEuglena gracilis by nalidixic acid. Plant Physiol.42, Suppl. S-27.
—,Epstein, H. T., Schiff, J. A., 1960 a: Studies of chloroplast development inEuglena. I. Inactivation of green colony formation by UV-light. Biochim. biophys. Acta50, 301–309.
— — —, 1960 b: Studies of chloroplast development inEuglena. II. Photoreversal of UV-inhibition by green colony formation. Biochim. biophys. Acta50, 310–318.
MacKinney, G., 1941: Absorption of light by chlorophyll solutions. J. biol. Chem.140, 315–322.
Markwell, J. P., Thornber, J. P., Boggs, R. T., 1979: Higher plant chloroplasts-Evidence that all the chlorophyll exists as chlorophyll-protein complexes. Proc. Nat. Acad. U.S.76, 1233–1235.
Ohad, I., 1977: Ontogeny and assembly of chloroplast membrane polypeptides inChlamydomonas reinhardtii. In: International Cell Biology (Brinkley, B. R.,Porter, K. R., eds.), pp. 193–203. Rockefeller University Press.
Oh-Hama, T., Hase, E., 1976: Enhancing effects of CO2 on chloroplast regeneration in glucose-bleached cells ofChlorella protothecoides. II. Role of carbamylphosphate in chloroplast regeneration. Plant Cell Physiol.17, 55–62.
Palade, G. E., 1952: A study of fixation for electron microscopy. J. exp. Med.95, 285.
Pellegrini, M., 1980: Three-dimensional reconstruction of organelles inEuglena gracilis Z. J. Cell Sci.43, 137–166.
Pogo, B. G. T., Pogo, A. O., 1965: Inhibition by Chloramphenicol of chlorophyll and protein synthesis and growth inEuglena gracilis. J. Protozool.12, 96–101.
Provasoli, L., Hutner, S. H., Schatz, R., 1948: Streptomycin-induced chlorophyll-less races ofEuglena. Proc. Soc. exp. biol. Med.69, 279–282.
Pringsheim, E. G., Hovasse, R., 1948: The loss of chromatophores inEuglena gracilis. New Phytol.47, 52–87.
—,Pringsheim, O., 1952: Experimental elimination of chromatophores and eyespot inEuglena gracilis. New Phytol.51, 65–76.
Roe, J. H., 1955: Determination of sugar in blood and spinal fluid with anthrone reagent. J. biol. Chem.212, 335–343.
Sabatini, D. D., Bensch, K., Barnett, R. J., 1963: Cytochemistry and electron microscopy. The preservation of cellular ultrastructure and enzymatic activity by aldehyde fixation. J. Cell Biol.17, 19–58.
Schantz, R., Blee, E., Duranton, H., 1976: Metabolism of galactolipids inEuglena-gracilis-Z. Physiol. Vegetale14, 141–148.
—,Schantz, M.-L., Duranton, H., 1975: Changes in amino acid and peptide composition ofEuglena gracilis cells during chloroplast development. Plant Science LettersI, 313–324.
Wiessner, W., 1968: Enzymaktivität und Kohlenstoffassimilation bei Grünalgen unterschiedlichen ernährungsphysiologischen Typs. Planta (Berl.)79, 92–98.
Zahalsky, A. C., Hutner, S. H., Keane, M., Burge, R. M., 1962: BleachingEuglena with antihistamines and streptomycin-type antibiotics. Arch. Microbiol.42, 46–55.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schuler, F., Brandt, P. & Wiessner, W. Chloroplastenreduktion inEuglena gracilis durch heterotrophe Ernährung mit Glucose im Licht. Protoplasma 106, 317–327 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01275562
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01275562