Skip to main content
Log in

Intermarket efficiency: An application of interbattery APT to mortgage-backed securities

  • Published:
The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Increasing popularity of investments in mortgage-backed securities has led to closer integration of the mortgage market into traditional capital markets. Using monthly returns during 1982–1988 for common stocks, Treasury bonds and GNMA and FHLMC mortgage-backed securities, the interbattery factor analytic Arbitrage Pricing Theory of (Cho, 1984) is used to test five hypotheses for intramarket and intermarket integration. Results indicate that three to five common factors are found within the same security market, while only one to three factors are found common between different markets.

The APT could not be rejected within the same security market, but was rejected in most intermarket comparisons. While risk-free rates are found to differ between markets, the risk premium tests are conclusive indicators of integration. Our results support claims that the stock, bond, and the mortgage-backed securities markets are integrated.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bower, D.H., Bower, R.S. and Logue, D.E. “Arbitrage Pricing Theory and Utility Stock Returns.”The Journal of Finance 39 (September 1984), 1041–1054.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brennan, M. and Schwartz, E. “An Equilibrium Model of Bond Pricing and a Test of Market Efficiency.”Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 17 (September 1982), 301–329.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brennan, M. and Schwartz, E. “Determinants of GNMA Mortgage Prices.”Journal of American Real Estate & Urban Economics Association 13 (Fall 1985), 209–228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bubnys, E. “Simulating and Forecasting Utility Stock Returns: Arbitrage Pricing Theory and Capital Asset Pricing Model.”Financial Review 25 (February 1990), 1–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cho, D.C. “On testing the Arbitrage Pricing Theory: Interbattery Factor Analysis.”The Journal of Finance 39 (December 1984), 1485–1502.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cho, D.C., Eun, C.S. and Senbet, L. “International Arbitrage Pricing Theory: An Empirical Investigation.”The Journal of Finance 41 (June 1986), 313–329.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dhrymes, P.J., Friend, I. and Gultekin, N.B. “A Critical Reexamination of the Empirical Evidence on the Arbitrage Pricing Theory.”The Journal of Finance 39 (June 1984), 323–346.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunn, K. and McConnell, J. “Valuation of GNMA Mortgage-Backed Securities.”The Journal of Finance 36 (June 1981), 599–616.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dybvig, P. “An Explicit Bound on Deviations from APT Pricing in a Finite Economy.” Forthcoming inJournal of Financial Economics 12, (December 1983), 483–496.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gehr, A. “Some Tests of the Arbitrage Pricing Theory.”Journal of the Midwest Finance Association, (1978), 91–105.

  • Green, J. and Shoven, J. “The Effects of Interest Rates on Mortgage Prepayments.”Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 18 (February 1986), 41–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grinblatt, M. and Titman, S. “Factor Pricing in a Finite Economy.”Journal of Financial Economics 12 (December 1983), 497–507.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gultekin, N.B. and Rogalski, R. “Government Bond Returns, Measurement of Interest Rate Risk, and the Arbitrage Pricing Theory.”The Journal of Finance 40 (March 1985), 43–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hendershott, P. and Van Order, R. “Integration of Mortgage and Capital Markets and the Accumulation of Residential Capital.” Working paper, U.S Department of Housing and Urban Development, Washington, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, C.F., Wei, K.C. and Chen, A.H. “Multivariable Regression Tests of the Arbitrage Pricing Theory: The Instrumental-Variables Approach.”Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting 1 (March 1991), 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reinganum, M.R. “The Arbitrage Pricing Theory: Some Empirical Results.”The Journal of Finance 36 (March 1981), 313–321.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ross, S.A. “The Arbitrage Pricing Theory of Capital Asset Pricing.”Journal of Economic Theory 13 (December 1976), 341–360.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ross, S.A. “Return, Risk and Arbitrage.” In Friend, I. and Bicksler, J.L., eds.,Risk and Return in Finance. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Publishing, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roll, R. and Ross, S.A. “An Empirical Investigation of Arbitrage Pricing Theory.”The Journal of Finance 35 (December 1980), 1073–1103.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salomon Brothers.Introducing the Salomon Brothers Total Rate-of-Retum Index for Mortgage Pass Through Securities. New York: Salomon Brothers, Inc., 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz, E. and Torous, W. “Prepayment and the Valuation of Mortgage-Backed Securities.”The Journal of Finance 44 (June 1989), 375–392.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharpe, W. “Factors in NYSE Security Returns, 1931–1979.”Journal of Portfolio Management 8 (Summer 1982), 5–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Titman, S. and Warga, A. “Risk and Performance of the Real Estate Investment Trusts: A Multiple Index Approach.”Journal of American Real Estate & Urban Economics Association 14 (Fall 1986), 414–431.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei, K.C., Lee, C.F. and Bubnys, E.L. “The APT Versus the Multi-Factor CAPM: Empirical Evidence.”The Quarterly Review of Economics and Business 29 (Winter 1989), 6–25.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bubnys, E.L., Khaksari, S. & Tarimcilar, M. Intermarket efficiency: An application of interbattery APT to mortgage-backed securities. J Real Estate Finan Econ 7, 99–115 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01258321

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01258321

Key words

Navigation