Summary
Studying the compatibility of plastics and blood, at the one hand analyses were undertaken on artificial hearts implanted in calves, at the other hand in vitro techniques were gained by working for the purpose of testing several (different) fabrics simultaneously. Concerning the in vivo examinations there were made observations and documentations using light microscopy of the plastics’ surfaces. Concerning thein vitro-methods there were tested blood and plasma samples in drops and in cavities of the following plastic materials with the special respect of their moisteness, expansion and their relation to the surfaces during longer incubation: Silastic, Silastic combined with Dacron-Velour, Silastic with Dacron-Flock, Silastic with graphite, Teflon, Hydron as well as PVC. At least, several fabrics were tested after having seeded them with cultivated fibroblasts looking at the ability of forming “endothelium-like membranes” at the surfaces of those plastics.
As to the techniques used in these experiments there were taken light microscopic methods — as told —, as well as phase contrast and stereomicroscopic techniques, moreover there were used immunologic and tissue culture methods.
The findings of artificial hearts implanted, indicated layers of fibrin and thrombi in endo- and pericardial areas, especially in the part of atrium and in the region of vascular origins of the right heart. — In the firstin vitro series, Teflon showed the best repelling effect against blood and plasma. — In the secondin vitro row a deposit of fibrinogen (and fibrin), in some cases also of albumin and immunoglobulins on the plastics' surfaces and a diminution of fibrinogen in the plasma samples incubated on plastics could be seen. — In the experiments with fibroblasts in contact with fabrics' surfaces, the smooth Silastic preparation proved to be the best one for stimulating an endothelial layer.
Zuaammenjmsung
Zum Studium der Verträglichkeit von Kunststoffen mit Blut wurden einerseits Untersuchungen an implantierten Kunststoffherzen vorgenommen, andererseitsin vitro-Methoden erarbeitet, die es gestatten, mehrere, verschiedene Kunststoffproben gleichzeitig zu prüfen. Bei denin vivo-Untersuchungen handelte es sich im wesentlichen um Beobachtungen und lichtmikroskopische Dokumentationen der Oberflächen eingesetzter Kunststofforgane. Bei denin vitro—Tests wurden aufgetropfte sowie in Vertiefungen eingebrachte Blut— und Plasmaproben an folgenden Kunststoffsorten auf ihre Benetzungefähigkeit, Ausbreitungstendenz, ihr Verhalten nach längerer Inkubation untersucht: Silastic, Silastic mit Dacron-Velour, Silastic mit Dacron-Flock, Silastic mit Graphit, Teflon, Hydron sowie PVC. Schließlich wurden verschiedene Kunststoffe in Kontakt mit kultivierten Fibroblasten auf deren Beschichtungsfähigkeit bzw. „Endothelbildung” auf den Oberflächen dieser Kunststoffe geprüft.
An Untersuchungstechniken wurden neben den genannten lichtmikroskopischen einige zusätzliche Mikroskopiermethoden, wie Phasenkontrasttechnik und Stereomikroskopie, verwendet, ferner immunologische sowie Gewebekulturmethoden.
Die Befunde an implantierten Kunststoffherzen wiesen vor allem auf Fibrinund Thrombenauflagerungen, endo- sowie perikardial, hin, wobei die Bereiche der Vorhöfe und insbesondere der Gefäßabgänge des rechten Herzens besonders betroffen waren. — In der erstenin vitro Testreihe zeigte Teflon den stärksten Abstoßungseffekt gegenüber Blut und Plasma. — In der zweiten in vitro-Testreihe konnte an den verwendeten Kunststoffoberflächen ein Niederschlag von Fibrinogen (sowie Fibrin), in einigen Fällen aber auch von Albumin und Immuglobulinen, im inkubierten Plasma eine Reduzierung des Fibrinogens, festgestellt werden. — Bei den Versuchen mit Fibroblasten in Kontakt mit Kunststoffoberflächen erwies sich die glatte Silasticpräparation für die Entwicklung eines endothelialen Überzuges als am günstigsten.
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Götz, H. Kunststoffkompatibilitätsstudien. Langenbecks Arch Chiv 335, 95–126 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01251632
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01251632