Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Behaviour of rubella virus in human diploid cell strains I. Growth of virus

  • Published:
Archiv für die gesamte Virusforschung Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Observations upon the growth of four strains of rubella virus in human diploid cell strains (HDCS) are reported. Sixtythree cell strains, derived from 29 fetuses by means of an organ culture technique, were studied. All HDCS tested were susceptible to rubella virus, and a chronic infection could be established readily in them. The virus multiplied and was continuously produced at a low level for a maximum of 27 weeks while cell subcultivation proceeded normally. Stationary cell populations produced virus for at least 30 weeks. Experiments to define the growth curves of rubella virus were performed in skin and lung cell strains. Strains of lung cell origin yielded greater amounts of virus than skin cell strains. Both growth curve and chronic infection experiments showed that a maximum of approximately 30% of the cells were infected at any given time. Pharyngeal mucosa cells were stored for three months in the frozen state while chronically infected with rubella. Their life history and virus yield after resuscitation did not differ from unfrozen cells.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Alford, C. A., Jr., F. A. Neva, andT. H. Weller: Virologic and serologic studies on human products of conception after maternal rubella. New Engl. J. Med.271, 1275–1281 (1964).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Boué, A., S. A. Plotkin, andJ. G. Boué: Action inhibitrice du virus de la rubéole sur la multiplication de différentes cellules embryonnaires humaines cultivéesin vitro. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris)259, 489–491 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chang, T. H., P. S. Moorhead, J. G. Boué, S. A. Plotkin, andJ. M. Hoskins: Chromosome studies of human cells infectedin utero andin vitro with rubella virus. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.)122, 236–243 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Dulbecco, R., andM. Vogt: Plaque formation and isolation of pure lines with poliomyelitis viruses. J. exp. Med.99, 167–199 (1954).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Fernandes, M. V., andP. S. Moorhead: Transformation of African green monkey kidney cultures infected with simian vacuolating virus (SV40). Tex. Rep. Biol. Med. (Suppl. I)23, 242–258 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Giles, J. P., L. Z. Cooper, andS. Krugman: The rubella syndrome. J. Pediat.66, 434–437 (1965).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Hayflick, L.: The limitedin vitro lifetime of human diploid cell strains. Exp. Cell Res.37, 614–636 (1965).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Hoskins, J. M., andS. A. Plotkin: Behaviour of rubella virus in human diploid cell strains. II. Studies of infected cells. Arch. ges. Virusforsch.21, 296 (1967).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Hoskins, J. M., S. A. Plotkin, T. H. Chang, andV. Defendi: Behaviour of human diploid cells following infection with rubella virus. Fed. Proc.24, 571 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Hull, R. N., W. R. Cherry, andO. J. Tritch: Growth characteristics of monkey kidney cell strains LLC-MK1, LLC-MK2, and LLC-MK2 (NCTC- 3196) and their utility in virus research. J. exp. Med.115, 903–918 (1962).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Ingalls, T. H.: German measles (1900–1960); risks for the fetus. Arch. environm. Hlth5, 574–580 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Jensen, F. C., R. B. L. Gwatkin, andJ. D. Biggers: A simple organ culture method which allows simultaneous isolation of specific types of cells. Exp. Cell Res.34, 440–447 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kay, H. E. M., M. E. Peppercorn, J. S. Porterfield, K. McCarthy, andC. H. Taylor-Robinson: Congenital rubella infection of a human embryo. Brit. med. J.2, 166–167 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  14. McCarthy, K., C. H. Taylor-Robinson, andS. E. Pillinger: Isolation of rubella virus from cases in Britain. Lancet2, 593–598 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Monif, G. R. G., G. B. Avery, S. B. Korones, andJ. L. Sever: Post-mortem isolation of rubella virus from three children with rubella-syndrome defects. Lancet1, 723–724 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  16. Parkman, P. D., E. L. Buescher, andM. S. Artenstein: Recovery of rubella virus from Army Recruits. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.)111, 225–230 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Plotkin, S. A., A. Boué, andJ. G. Boué: Thein vitro growth of rubella virus in human embryo cells. Amer. J. Epidem.81, 71–85 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Plotkin, S. A., D. Cornfeld, andT. H. Ingalls: Studies of immunization with living rubella virus. Amer. J. Dis. Child.110, 381–389 (1965).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Plotkin, S. A., J. A. Dudgeon, andA. M. Ramsay: Laboratory studies on rubella and the rubella syndrome. Brit. med. J.2, 1296–1299 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Plotkin, S. A., F. A. Oski, E. M. Hartnett, A. R. Hervada, S. Friedman, andJ. Gowing: Some recently recognized manifestations of the rubella syndrome. J. Pediat.67, 182–191 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  21. Rawls, W. E., andJ. L. Melnick: Rubella virus carrier cultures derived from congenitally infected infants. J. exp. Med.123, 795–816 (1966).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Reed, L. J., andH. Muench: A simple method of estimating fifty per cent endpoints. Amer. J. Hyg.27, 493 (1938).

    Google Scholar 

  23. Vaheri, A., W. D. Sedwick, S. A. Plotkin, andR. Maes: Cytopathic effect of rubella virus in BHK 21 cells and growth to high titers in suspension culture. Virology27, 239–241 (1965).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Various contributors to rubella symposium. Publ. in Amer. J. Dis. Child. 110 (1965).

  25. Weller, T. H., andF. A. Neva: Propagation in tissue culture of cytopathic agents from patients with rubella-like illness. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.)111, 215–225 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. J. M. Hoskins

    Present address: Swiss Serum and Vaccine Institute, Bern, Switzerland

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    J. M. Hoskins & S. A. Plotkin

Authors
  1. J. M. Hoskins
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. S. A. Plotkin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

This investigation was supported in part by USPHS Research Grant AI-01799-09 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and the Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr., Foundation.

Holder of USPHS International Postdoctoral Research Fellowship.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hoskins, J.M., Plotkin, S.A. Behaviour of rubella virus in human diploid cell strains I. Growth of virus. Archiv f Virusforschung 21, 283–295 (1967). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01241730

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01241730

Keywords

Search

Navigation