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Klinik und Therapie der kongenitalen Vena eava inferior-Mißbildungen

Symptomatology and treatment of malformations of the inferior Vena Cava

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Summary

A review of the embryology, pathophysiology semiotics and surgical treatment of malformations of the inferior vena cava is given based on 3 clinical histories. The cases consisted of a typical membrane occlusion, an atresia of the infrarenal segment and of a hitherto not described combination of several malformations of the inferior vena cava: membrane occlusion, aplasia of the infrarenal segment of the vena cava inferior and multiple aneurysms of the iliac vein. The symptomatology of malformations of the vena cava inferior depends on the compensation by the collateral or the persisting embryonic veins, respectively, and on the localization and the degree of the obliteration. The varying hemodynamic reactions are described. The following surgical methods for the treatment of inferior vena cava occlusions in the hepatic segment are available: The so called conservative interventions for the creation of collaterals, the direct or indirect recanalization and the bypass operation. Congenital infrarenal atresias of the vena cava are corrected by homologous or prosthetic interposition. The venous replacement with a bovine heterograft presented here, has not yet been described in the literature.

Zusammenfassung

Anhand von 3 Krankheitsverläufen wird ein Überblick über die Embryologie, Pathophysiologie, Symptomatik und die chirurgische Behandlung von Mißbildungen der unteren Hohlvene gegeben. Es handelte sich um je einen typischen Membranverschluß, eine Atresie des infrarenalen Segments und um die bisher nicht beschriebene Kombination mehrerer Mißbildungen der Vena cava inferior: dem Membranverschluß, eine Vena cava inferior-Aplasie des infrarenalen Segments und multiple Vena iliaca-Aneurys men. Die Symptomatologie der Vena cava inferior- Mißbildung wird durch die Kompensation der kollateralen bzw. persistierenden Embryonalvenen, zum andern durch die Höhenlokalisation und den Grad der Obliteration bestimmt. Die unterschiedlichen hämodynamischen Rückwirkungen werden beschrieben. An Methoden der operativen Behandlung der Vena cava inferior-Verschlüsse im hepatischen Segment stehen zur Verfügung: die sog. ≫konservativen≪ Operationsverfahren zur Schaffung von Kollateralen, die direkten und indirekten Rekanalisationsverfahren sowie die Bypassoperation. Infrarenale angeborene Vena cava-Atresien werden durch Interposition von homologem oder prothetischem Gefäßersatz korrigiert. Der hier geschilderte Venenersatz durch heterologe Prothese wurde bisher in der Literatur nicht beschrieben.

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Sachweh, D., Horsch, S. & Janssen, W. Klinik und Therapie der kongenitalen Vena eava inferior-Mißbildungen. Langenbecks Arch Chiv 348, 119–132 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01239669

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