Abstract
View-objects are complex objects that are instantiated by delivering a query to a database and converting the query result into a nested structure. In relational databases, query results are conventionally retrieved as a single flat relation, which contains duplicate subtuples in its composite tuples. These duplicate subtuples increase the amount of data to be handled and thus degrade performance. In this article, we describe two new methods that retrieve a query result in structures other than a single flat relation. One method retrieves a set of relation fragments, and the other retrieves a single-nested relation. We first describe their algorithms and cost models, and then present the cost comparison results in a client-server architecture with a relational main memory database residing on a server.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abiteboul, S. and Bidoit, N. Non-first normal form relations to represent hierarchically organized data.Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on the Principles of Database Systems, Waterloo, 1984.
Abiteboul, S. and Kanellakis, P. Object identity as a query language primitive.Proceedings of the International ACM SIGMOD Conference on the Management of Data, Portland, OR, 1989.
Ammann, A., Hanrahan, M., and Krishnamurthy, R. Design of a memory resident DBMS.Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Conference (COMPCON), San Francisco, 1985.
Barsalou, T. View objects for relational databases. Ph.D. thesis, Medical Information Sciences Program, Computer Science Department, Stanford University, 1990.
Barsalou, T. and Wiederhold, G. Complex objects for relational databases.Computer Aided Design, (Special issue on object-oriented techniques for CAD), 22(8):458–468, 1990.
Barsalou, T., Siambela, N., Keller, A., and Wiederhold, G. Updating relational databases through object-based views.Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on the Management of Data, Denver, CO, 1991.
Barsalou, T., Sujansky, W., and Wiederhold, G. Expert database systems in medicine-The PENGUIN project.Proceedings of the AAAI Spring Symposium on AI in Medicine, Stanford University, 1990.
Bitton, D. The effect of large main memory on database systems.Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on the Management of Data, Washington, DC, 1986.
Bitton, D. and Turbyfill, C. Performance evaluation of main memory database systems. Technical Report 86-731, Department of Computer Science, Cornell University, 1986.
Bitton, D., Hanrahan, M., and Turbyfill, C. Performance of complex queries in main memory database systems.Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering, Los Angeles, 1987.
Christodoulakis, S. Implications of certain assumptions in database performance evaluation.ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 9(2):163–186, 1984.
Codd, E. A relational model of data for large shared data banks.Communications of the ACM, 13(6):377–387, 1970.
DeWitt, D., Katz, R., Olken, F., Shapiro, L., Stonebraker, M., and Wood, D. Implementation techniques for main memory database systems.Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on the Management of Data, Boston, MA, 1984.
Dill, G. Peripheral semiconductor storage: A feasible alternative to disk and tape?Hardcopy, 7(1):107–113, 1987.
Dittrich, K. and Lorie, R. Object-oriented database concepts for engineering applications. Technical Report RJ 4691 (50029), IBM Research Lab., San Jose, CA, May, 1985.
Dwyer, P. and Larson, J. Some experiences with a distributed database testbed system.Proceedings of the IEEE, 75(5):633–648, 1987.
Fischer, P. and Thomas, S. Operators for non-first-normal-form relations.Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Software and Applications Conference, Chicago, IL 1983.
Haskin, R. and Lorie, R. On extending the functions of a relational database system.Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on the Management of Data, Orlando, FL, 1982.
Horowitz, E. and Sahni, S.Fundamentals of Data Structures. London: Computer Science Press, Inc., 1976.
Khoshafian, S. and Copeland, G. Object identity.Proceedings of the International ACM OOPSLA Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages, and Applications, Portland, OR, 1986.
Knuth, D.The Art of Computer Programming, Vol 3: Sorting and Searching. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1973.
Law, K., Barsalou, T., and Wiederhold, G. Management of complex structural engineering objects in a relational framework.Engineering with Computers, 6:81–92, 1990a.
Law, K., Wiederhold, G., Barsalou, T., Siambela, N., Sujansky, W., Zingmond, D., and Singh, H. An architecture for managing design objects in a sharable relational framework.International Journal of Systems Automation: Research and Applications (SARA), 1(1):47–66, 1991.
Law, K., Wiederhold, G., Barsalou, T., Siambela, N., Sujansky, W., and Zingmond, D. Managing design objects in a sharable relational framework.Proceedings of the ASME International Conference on Computers in Engineering, Boston, 1990b.
Lee, B. Efficiency in Instantiating Objects from Relational Databases through Views, Ph.D. thesis, Computer Science Department, Stanford University, December, 1990.
Lee, B. and Wiederhold, G. Outer joins and filters for instantiating objects from relational databases through views.IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 6(1):108–119, 1994.
Lehman, T. and Carey, M. A study of index structures for main memory database management systems.Proceedings of the International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, Kyoto, Japan, 1986a.
Lehman, T. and M. Carey. Query processing in main memory database management systems.Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on the Management of Data, Washington, DC, 1986b.
Lorie, R. and Plouffe, W. Complex objects and their use in design transactions.Proceedings of the IEEE Annual Meeting-Database Week: Engineering Design Applications, 1983.
Mauer, W. and Lewis, T. Hash Table Methods.ACM Computing Surveys, 7(1):5–20, 1975.
Roth, M., Korth, H., and Silberschatz, A. Extended algebra and calculus for nested relational databases.ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 13(4):389–417, 1988.
Shapiro, L. Join processing in database systems with large main memories.ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 11(3):239–264, 1986.
Singh, H. View-objects in CIM environment. Annual Report of the Center for Integrated Systems (CIS), Stanford University, 1990.
Swami, A. Optimization of large join queries. Ph.D. thesis, Computer Science Department, Stanford University, 1989.
Valduriez, P. Join indices.ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 12(2):218–246, 1987.
Whang, K., Ammann, A., Bolmarcich, A., Hanrahan, M., Hochgesang, G., Huang, K. Khorasani, A., Krishnamurthy, R., Sockut, G., Sweeney, P. Waddle, V., and Zloof, M. Office-by-example: An integrated office system and database manager.ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems, 5(4):393–427, 1987.
Whang, K. and Krishnamurthy, R. Query optimization in a memory-resident domain relational calculus database system.ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 15(1):67–95, 1990.
Wiederhold, G. Views, objects, and databases.IEEE Computer, 19(12):37–44, 1986.
Wiederhold, G., Barsalou, T., and Sujansky, W. Sharing information among biomedical applications.Proceedings of the Conference on Software Engineering in Medical Informatics, Amsterdam, 1990.
Wilkes, W., Klahold, P., and Schlageter, G. Complex and composite objects in CAD/CAM databases.Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering, Los Angeles, 1989.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lee, B.S., Wiederhold, G. Efficiently instantiating view-objects from remote relational databases. VLDB Journal 3, 289–323 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01232642
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01232642