Skip to main content
Log in

On the cholinesterase activity of encapsulated nerve endings in the tongue of the cat

  • Published:
Acta Neurovegetativa Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

By the method ofKoelle andFriedenwald a high cholinesterase activity has been established in the encapsulated receptors in the mucosa of the cat's tongue. Following brief incubation with acetyl substrate a positive reaction developed in the area surrounding the axon, named inner bulb for all receptors of this type. The point of contact between the axon and the inner bulb shows the highest cholinesterase activity. Following incubation with butyryl substrate a strongly positive reaction developed in the inner bulb only in some receptors situated in the depth of the submucosa.

By the combined method of cholinesterase demonstration according toKoelle andFriedenwald with subsequent impregnation according toGros it has been shown, that the submucosal areas, stained by the first method really represent components of these receptors. The area in the center of the bulb, which remains “empty” following the histochemical reaction is occupied by an axon running through it and demonstrated by the second method. The site of contact between the axon and the inner bulb, which according to the first method, is more strongly positive than the rest of the bulb, becomes even more intensively stained according to the second method. The elements of the fibrous capsule are demonstrated only by the second method.

It is assumed that the high cholinesterase activity of the inner bulb is not peculiar for these receptors alone.

Zusammenfassung

Mittels der Koelle- und Friedenwald-Methode wurde eine hohe Cholinesteraseaktivität in den eingekapselten Rezeptoren der Katzenzungenschleimhaut gefunden. Nach kurzer Inkubation mit Acetylsubstrat entwickelte sich eine positive Reaktion in dem Bereich rund um das Axon (genannt innerer Kolben aller Rezeptoren dieses Typus). Am Berührungspunkt des Axons und des inneren Kolbens ist die Aktivität der Cholinesterase am höchsten. Nach einer Inkubation mit Butyrylsubstrat entwickelte sich eine stark positive Reaktion in nur einigen in der Tiefe der Submucosa gelegenen Rezeptoren.

Durch die kombinierte Cholinesterasebestimmung nachKoelle undFriedenwald mit darauffolgender Impregnation nachGros wurde festgestellt, daß jene Stellen der Submucosa, die nach der ersten Methode gefärbt wurden, tatsächlich Bestandteile dieser Rezeptoren darstellen. Der mittlere Abschnitt des Kolbens, der nach der histochemischen Reaktion leer bleibt, wird von einem hier durchlaufenden Axon eingenommen, das erst nach der zweiten Methode zur Darstellung kommt. Die Berührungstellee zwischen dem Axon und dem Kolben, die nach der ersten Methode stärker positiv als der Rest des Kolbens ist, wird nach der zweiten Methode noch intensiver. Die Elemente der fibrösen Kapsel werden erst nach Anwendung der zweiten Methode sichtbar.

Man nimmt an, daß die hohe Aktivität der Cholinesterase der inneren Kolben keine spezifische Eigenschaft dieser Rezeptoren darstellt.

Résumé

Par la méthode de Koelle et Friedenwald, une haute activité cholinestérasique a été observée dans les récepteurs encapsulés de la muqueuse de la langue du chat. Après une brève incubation avec un substrat d'acétyle, une réaction positive se développa dans la région entourant l'axone, appelée bulbe intérieur. Au point de contact entre l'axone et le bulbe intérieur, l'activité de la cholinestérase est maximale. Après une incubation avec un substrat de butyryle, une réaction fortement positive se développa dans les bulbes intérieurs, mais seulement dans quelques récepteurs situés dans les profondeur de la submuqueuse.

Par une méthode combinée démontrant l'activité de la cholinestérase d'aprèsKoelle etFriedenwald, wuivie de l'imprégnation d'aprèsGros, il a été prouvé que les régions colorées selon la première méthode représentent réellement des parties de ces récepteurs. La région au centre du bulbe restée vide après la réaction histochimique est occupée par un axone qui la traverse, ce qui est démontré par la seconde méthode. Le lieu de contact entre l'axone et le bulbe intérieur étant plus fortement positif que le reste du bulbe d'après la première méthode, devient, d'après la seconde méthode, même encore plus intense. Les éléments de la capsule fibreuse ne deviennent visibles que par la seconde méthode.

On présume que la haute activité de la cholinestérase du bulbe intérieur n'est pas une particularité de ces récepteurs seulement.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abráhám, A., Neue sensible Endorgane in der Zunge des braunen Bären. Zschr. Zellforsch.11 (1930), 603–614.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baradi, A. F., andG. H. Bourne, Histochemical localization of cholinesterase in gustatory and olfactory epithelia. J. Histochem. Cytochem.7 (1959), 2–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beckett, E. B., G. H. Bourne andN. Montagna, Histology and cytochemistry of human skin: The distribution of cholinesterase in the finger of the embryo and adult. J. Physiol.134 (1956), 202–206.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Birks, D. I., andF. C. McIntosh, Acetylcholine metabolism at nerve endings. Brit. Med. Bull.13 (1957), 157–161.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boyd, J. D., Proprioceptive innervation of mammalian tongue. J. Anat., London,72 (1937), 1–3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brecht, K., andM. Corsten, Acetylcholine in sensiblen Nerven. Pflügers Arch. Physiol.245 (1942), 160–169.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buchthal, Z., The effect of acetylcholine-like substances on sensory receptors. Pharmacol. Rev., Baltimore,6 (1954), 97–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bullock, T. H., H. Sundfest, D. Nachmansohn andM. A. Rothenberg, Generality of the role of acetylcholine in nerve and muscle conduction. J. Neurophysiol., Springfield,10 (1947), 11–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cauna, N., The distribution of cholinesterase in the cutaneous receptor organs, especially touch corpuscles of the human finger. J. Histochem. Cytochem.8 (1960), 367–375.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cauna, N., Cholinesterase activity in cutaneous receptors of man and of some quadrupeds. Bibl. Anat., Basel,2 (1961), 128–138.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cauna, N., andP. Albert, Nerve supply and distribution of cholinesterase activity in the external nose of the mole. Zschr. Zellforsch.54 (1961), 158–166.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cauna, N., andN. T. Naik, The distribution of cholinesterases in the sensory ganglia of man and some mammals. J. Histochem. Cytochem., Vol. II, No. 2 (1963).

  • Cohen, M., Concentration of choline acetylase in conducting tissue. Arch. Biochem.60 (1956), 284–296.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Csillik, B., andG. Savay, Cholinesterase activity of sensory nerve endings. A histochemical study. Acta Sc. hung.6 (1954), 379–384.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dale, H. H., Symposium of transmission of effects from the endings of nerve fibres. Nature, London,162 (1948), 558–560.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dodt, E., andY. Zotterman, Mode of action of Warm Receptors. Acta physiol. Scand.26 (1952), 345–357.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dodt, E., A. T. Skouby andY. Zotterman, The effect of cholinergic substances on the discharges from thermal receptors. Acta physiol. Scand.28 (1953), 101–114.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis, R. A., Cholinesterases in the mammalian tongue. J. Histochem. Cytochem.7 (1959), 156–163.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El. Rakhawy, M. T., andG. H. Bourne, Cholinesterases in the human tongue, Histochemistry of Cholinesterase. Symposium, Basel, 1960. Bibl. Anat., Basel,2 (1961), 243–255.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gjurovsky, A., andC. Guigov, Morphological investigations of the innervation of tongue papillae in goat. Scientific works of H. M. Institute, Sofia (1958), 185–203.

  • Granit, R. T., Receptors and sensory perception. New Haven, 1956.

  • Gray, J. A., Initiation of impulses of receptors. In:Field, J., Ed. Handbook of Physiology, Sect. I, Neurophysiology, Vol. I, Chapter V (1959), 123–145. Washington, D. C.. Amer. Physiological society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hebb, C. O., Pseudocholinesterase in Pacinian corpuscles. Nature, London,175 (1955b), 597–603.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hellekant, I., Studies on the effect of Ethyl Alcohol on the Receptors of the tongue. Stockholm (1965), Kungl. Roktryckeriet P. A., Norsted.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hensel, H., Physiologie der Thermoreception. Erg. Physiol.47 (1952), 165–168.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodoch, M., andW. Montagna, Cholinesterases in the tongue of the Potto (Perodictus Potto). Anat. Rec., Philadelphia,146 (1963), 7–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hurley, H. J., Non-specific cholinesterase in specialized sensory nerve endings of human genital skin. Brit. J. Dermat.70 (1958), 284–287.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hurley, H. J., andG. Koelle, The effect of inhibition of non-specific cholinesterase on perception of tactile sensation in human volar skin. J. Investigat. Dermat., Baltimore,31 (1958), 243–245.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hurley, H. J., Localization on non-specific cholinesterase in Meissner's corpuscles in human skin. J. dermat.68 (1956b), 290–293.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iriuchijima, J., andY. Zotterman, Conduction rates of afferent fibres to the Anterior Tongue of the dog. Acta physiol. Scand.51 (1961), 283–289.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jarrett, A. S., The effect of acetylcholine on touch receptors in frog's skin. J. Physiol., London,1963 (1956), 243–254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kadanoff, D., Typical structure of the taste nerve receptors in man. Scientific works of H. M. Institute, Sofia, I (1953).

  • Koblik, D., The characterization and localization of frog skin cholinesterase. J. Gen. Physiol.41 (1958), 1129–1134.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koelle, G., The histochemical differentiation of types of cholinesterases and their localization in tissues of the cat. J. Pharmacol. Exper. Therap., Baltimore,100 (1950), 158–179.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koelle, G., A new general concept of the neurohumoral function of acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase. J. Pharm.14 (1962), 65–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koelle, G., andJ. Friedenwald, A histochemical method for localizing cholinesterase activity. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. Med., N. Y.,70 (1949), 617–622.

    Google Scholar 

  • Landren, S., Cortical reception of cold impulses from the tongue of the cat. Acta physiol. Scand.40 (1957a), 202–209.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Loevenstein, W. R., The generation of electric activity in a nerve ending. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sc.81/2 (1959), 367–387.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loevenstein, W. R., andD. Molin, Cholinesterase in a receptor. Science128 (1958), 1284–1345.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maynard, E. A., andD. M. Maynard, Cholinesterase in the crustacean muscle receptor organ. J. Histochem. Cytochem.8 (1960), 376–379.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Montagna, W., andE. B. Beckett, Cholinesterases and alpha esterases in the lip of the rat. Acta anat., Basel,32 (1958), 256–261.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nachmansohn, D., Studies on permeability in relation to nerve function. I. Axonal conduction and synaptic transmission. Biochim. biophys. acta, N. Y.,4 (1950), 78–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Naik, N. T., Technical variations in Koelle's histochemical method for demonstrating cholinesterase activity. Quart. J. Microsc. Sc., Vol. 104, Part I (1963), 89–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Penev, D., Recherches histochimiques sur l'activité cholinestérasique dans certaines terminaisons sensitives capsulées. Compt. rend. Acad. bulg. Sc., T.17, No. 7 (1964), 669–672.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skouby, A. T., Sensitization of pain receptors by cholinergic substances. Acta physiol. Scand.24 (1951), 174–191.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spassova, I., On the structure of encapsulated nerve endings in the tongue of the cat and its functional significance. Zschr. mikrosk.-anat. Forsch., Leipzig,72 (1965), 366–382.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taxi, Z., Action du formol sur l'activité de diverses préparations de cholinestérases. J. physiol. path. gén., Paris,44 (1953a), 595–599.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winkelmann, R. K., Nerve endings in the skin of the Gorilla. J. Con. Neurol.116 (1961), 145–149.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winkelmann, R. K., andR. W. Schmit, Cholinesterase in the skin of the rat, dog, cat, guinea pig and rabbit. J. Investigat. Dermat., Baltimore,33 (1959), 185–190.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zotterman, Y., Special senses: thermal receptors. Ann. Rev. Physiol.15 (1953), 357–372.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zotterman, Y., Specific action potentials in the lingual nerve of cat. Scand. Arch. Physiol.75 (1963), 105–119.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

With 21 Figures

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Spassova, I. On the cholinesterase activity of encapsulated nerve endings in the tongue of the cat. Acta Neurovegetativa 29, 529–551 (1967). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01231306

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01231306

Keywords

Navigation