Abstract
Classical Hoare triples are modified to specify and design distributed real-time systems. The assertion language is extended with primitives to express the timing of observable actions. Further the interpretation of triples is adapted such that both terminating and nonterminating computations can be specified. To verify that a concurrent program, with message passing along asynchronous channels, satisfies a real-time specification, we formulate a compositional proof system for our extended Hoare logic. The use of compositionality during top-down design is illustrated by a process control example of a chemical batch processing system.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
The Programming Language Ada, Reference Manual, 1983.
Anderson, T., de Lemos, R., Fitzgerald, J.S. and Saeed, A.: On formal support for industrial-scale requirements analysis. InWorkshop on Theory of Hybrid Systems, pp. 426–451. LNCS 736, 1993.
Abadi, M. and Lamport, L.: An old-fashioned recipe for real-time. InREX Workshop on Real-Time: Theory in Practice, pp. 1–27. LNCS 600, Springer-Verlag, 1992.
Chaochen, Zhou, Hoare, C.A.R. and Ravn, A.P.: A calculus of durations.Information Processing Letters, 40:269–276, 1991.
Dijkstra, E.W.:A Discipline of Programming. Prentice-Hall, 1976.
Grossman, R., Nerode, A., Ravn, A. and Rischel, H.: editors.Hybrid Systems. LNCS 736. Springer-Verlag, 1993.
Haase, V.H.: Real-time behaviour of programs.IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, SE-7(5):494–501, 1981.
Hoare, C.A.R.: An axiomatic basis for computer programming.Communications of the ACM, 12(10):576–580,583, 1969.
Hooman, J.:Specification and Compositional Verification of Real-Time Systems. LNCS 558, Springer-Verlag, 1991.
Hooman, J.: A compositional approach to the design of hybrid systems. InWorkshop on Theory of Hybrid Systems, pp. 121–148. LNCS 736, 1993.
Hooman, J.: Specification and verification of a distributed real-time arbitration protocol. InProceedings 14th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, pp. 284–293. IEEE, 1993.
Hooman, J.: Compositional verification of a distributed real-time arbitration protocol.Real-Time Systems, 6:173–205, 1994.
Harel, D. and Pnueli, A.: On the development of reactive systems. InLogics and Models of Concurrent Systems, pp. 477–498. NATO, ASI-13, Springer-Verlag, 1985.
Lamport, L.:What Good is Temporal Logic, pp. 657–668. Information Processing, R.E. Manson (ed). North Holland, 1983.
Lamport, L.: Hybrid systems in TLA+. InWorkshop on Theory of Hybrid Systems, pp. 77–102. LNCS 736, 1993.
INMOS Limited.Occam 2 Reference Manual, 1988.
Owre, S., Rushby, J. and Shankar, N.: PVS: A prototype verification system. In11th Conference on Automated Deduction, volume 607 ofLecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, pp. 748–752. Springer-Verlag, 1992.
Schneider, F., Bloom, B. and Marzullo, K.: Putting time into proof outlines. InWorkshop on Real-Time: Theory in Practice, pp. 618–639. LNCS 600, Springer-Verlag, 1992.
Shankar, N.: Verification of real-time systems using PVS. InComputer Aided Verification '93, pp. 280–291. LNCS 697, Springer-Verlag, 1993.
Zhou, P. and Hooman, J.: Formal specification and compositional verification of an atomic broadcast protocol.Real-Time Systems, to appear, 1995.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hooman, J. Extending hoare logic to real-time. Formal Aspects of Computing 6 (Suppl 1), 801–825 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01213604
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01213604