Abstract
Flash visual evoked responses were recorded and visual evoked response binocular summation was assessed in normal children between the ages of 1 and 58 months, in normal adults and in children with early-onset esotropia before and longitudinally for 1 year after surgical binocular alignment. Normal flash visual evoked response binocular summation started in the range of facilitation (> 2.0) at 1 month of age and decreased to adult levels by 3.7 months of age. The shape of the flash visual evoked response binocular summation function obtained from the patients with early-onset esotropia, appeared similar to that of normal subjects; however, the rapid decrease in flash visual evoked response binocular summation from facilitation to normal adult levels occurred after surgical binocular alignment. In normal adults, flash visual evoked response binocular summation was significantlyreduced by a 40-diopter base-in prism, suggesting that binocular misalignment was not the reason for the facilitation in flash visual evoked response binocular summation in either childhood population. It is proposed that this facilitation may reflect a process that leads to binocularity and that develops rapidly with binocular alignment.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Celesia GG. Correlation between visual evoked potentials and visualization of regions of cortical activation by positron emission tomography.In: Cracco RQ, Bodis-Wollner I, Eds. Evoked potentials. New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc. 1986: 320–30.
Regan D, Heron JR. Clinical investigation of lesions of the visual pathway: a new objective technique. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1969; 32: 479–83.
Regan D. Human brain electrophysiology: evoked potentials and evoked magnetic fields in science and medicine. New York: Elsevier Science Publishing Co, Inc., 1989.
Regan D. Steady state evoked potentials. J Opt Soc Am 1977; 67: 1475–89.
Leguire LE, Lim H. Effect of retinal degeneration on the flash and pattern VER. Unpublished manuscript.
Ashler H. The electroretinogram of the blind spot. J Physiol 1951; 112: 40P.
Leguire LE, Rogers GL, Bremer DL. Visual evoked response binocular summation in normal and strabismic infants: defining the critical period. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1991; 32: 122–9.
Leguire LE, Fellows RR, Rogers GL, Bremer DL. Binocular summation and facilitation of latency in flash and pattern VERs in 6 to 30 month old children. Binocular Vis 1987; 2: 15–23.
Apkarian PA, Nakayama K, Tyler CW. Binocularity in the human visual evoked potential: facilitation, summation and suppression. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1981; 51: 32–48.
Shimojo S Bauer J O Connell KM Held R. Pre-stereoptic binocular vision in infants. Vision Res 1986; 3: 501–10.
Sondhi N, Archer SM, Helveston EM. Development of normal ocular alignment. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1988; 25: 210–1.
Rogers GL, Bremer DL, Leguire LE, Fellows RR. Clinical assessment of visual function in the young child: a prospective study of binocular vision. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1986; 23: 233–5.
van der Twell LH, Spekreijse H. Signal transport and rectification in the human evoked response system. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1969; 156: 678–95.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Leguire, L.E., Rogers, G.L. & Bremer, D.L. Flash visual evoked response binocular summation in normal subjects and in patients with early-onset esotropia before and after surgery. Doc Ophthalmol 89, 277–286 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01203381
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01203381