Skip to main content
Log in

Direct observation of humic acid clusters, a nonequilibrium system with a fractal structure

  • Short Communications
  • Published:
Naturwissenschaften Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  1. Kononova, M. M.: Soil Organic Matter, Its Nature, Its Role in Soil Formation and Soil Fertility. Oxford: Pergamon 1966

    Google Scholar 

  2. Hayes, M. H. B., MacCarthy, P., Malcolm, R. L., Swift, R., in: [4], p. 4

  3. Schulten, H. R., Plage, B., Schnitzer, M.: Naturwissenschaften78, 311 (1991); Schulten, H. R., Schnitzer, M.: ibid.80, 29 (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Hayes, M. H. B., MacCarthy, P., Malcolm, R. L., Swift, R. S.: Humic Substances II - In Search of Structure. Chichester: Wiley 1989

    Google Scholar 

  5. Osterberg, R., Mortensen, K.: Eur. Biophys. J.21, 163 (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Osterberg, R., Szajdak, L., Mortensen, K.: Environ. Int.20, 77 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Osterberg, R., Mortensen, K.: Radiat. Environ. Biophys.33, 269 (1994)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Sinha, S. K., Freltoft, T., Kjems, J., in: Kinetics of Aggregation and Gelation, p. 87 (F. Family, D. P. Landau, eds.). Amsterdam: North-Holland 1984

    Google Scholar 

  9. Martin, J. E., Hurd, A. J.: J. Appl. Crystallogr.20, 61 (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Wahlberg, O.: in preparation.

  11. Lindvist, I.: Swedish J. Agric. Res.12, 105 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Cabane, B., in: Neutron, X-Ray, and Light Scattering, p. 247 (P. Lindner, T. Zemb, eds.). Amsterdam: North-Holland 1991

    Google Scholar 

  13. Mortensen, K.: unpublished work

  14. Penketh, P. E.: J. Appl. Chem.7, 512 (1957)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Stevenson, F. J., in: [4], p. 121

  16. Körös, E., Orban, M.: Nature273, 371 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Orban, M., Körös, E., Noyes, R. M.: J. Phys. Chem.83, 3056 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Ikai, A., Yoshimura, K., Arisaka, F., Ritani, A., Imai, K.: FEBS Lett.326, 39 (1993)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Österberg, R., Mortensen, K. & Ikai, A. Direct observation of humic acid clusters, a nonequilibrium system with a fractal structure. Naturwissenschaften 82, 137–139 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01177274

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01177274

Keywords

Navigation