Summary
An investigation has been made into the kinetics of the dehydration in presence of tricalcium phosphate as catalyst of ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl alcohols.
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1.
It has been established that in presence of tricalcium phosphate the dehydration of alcohols proceeds in a very selective fashion, the content of unsaturated compounds in the gas being 98–99%.
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2.
It has been found that in presence of tricalcium phosphate secondary alcohols are the most readily dehydrated, then follow the iso-alcohols, and finally the normal alcohols. The rate of dehydration of normal alcohols falls with fall in molecular weight.
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3.
It has been established that when the phosphate catalyst is calcined its activity in the alcohols-dehydration reaction is greatly reduced.
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4.
It has been shown that when an α- orβ-hydrogen of ethanol is replaced of methyl the activation energy is lowered in a manner similar to that already observed for dehydration in presence of other catalysts.
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5.
It has been found that potassium carbonate, which is a promoter for the phosphate catalyst in the dehydration of formic acid, is a powerful poison for it in the dehydration of alcohols.
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6.
It has been shown that diethyl ether is not an intermediate product in the formation of ethylene from ethyl alcohols.
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Freydlin, L.K., Levit, A.M. Kinetics of the dehydration of alcohols in presence of tricalcium phosphate. Russ Chem Bull 1, 177–184 (1952). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01176587
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01176587