Characterization of industrial materials by small angle X-ray scattering
- 36 Downloads
- 2 Citations
Abstract
Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques have enabled remarkable progress to be made in both the experimental devices and algorithms of data processing. We have applied SAXS to the characterization of common industrial materials such as carbon fibres,γ-alumina, and poly-propylene films. For carbon fibres, the microporosity has been investigated by estimating the cross-sectional dimensions of the microvoids in the powdered specimens as well as in the aligned fibre bundles. The average particle size ofγ-alumina has been evaluated, and related to the heat-treatment conditions. Correlation-function analysis has revealed the changes in lamellar structure of polypropylene films induced by annealing. SAXS is shown to have the potential to be widely used as a practical method for characterizing materials of industrial importance.
Keywords
Particle Size Carbon Fibre Average Particle Average Particle Size Fibre BundlePreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
- 1.
- 2.O. Kratky, in “Progress in Biophysics”, Vol. 13 (Pergamon Press, New York, 1963) p. 105.Google Scholar
- 3.H. Brumberger, “Small-Angle X-ray Scattering” (Gordon and Breach, New York, 1967).Google Scholar
- 4.
- 5.O. Kratky,J. Polym. Sci. 3 (1948) 195.Google Scholar
- 6.
- 7.O. Glatter andO. Kratky, “Small Angle X-ray Scattering” (Academic Press, London, 1982).Google Scholar
- 8.
- 9.Idem., J. Phys. D 3 (1970) 526.Google Scholar
- 10.
- 11.W. Ruland,J. Polym. Sci. C 28 (1969) 143.Google Scholar
- 12.
- 13.Idem., ibid. 3 (1970) 525.Google Scholar
- 14.
- 15.
- 16.
- 17.
- 18.
- 19.
- 20.G. F. Neilson,J. Appl. Crystallogr. 6 (1973) 386.Google Scholar
- 21.C. G. Vonk,ibid. 9 (1976) 433.Google Scholar
- 22.
- 23.O. Glatter,ibid. 13 (1980) 7.Google Scholar
- 24.R. Hosemann andS. N. Bagchi, “Direct Analysis of Diffraction by Matter” (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1962).Google Scholar
- 25.R. Hosemann,J. Appl. Phys. 34 (1963) 25.Google Scholar
- 26.
- 27.V. I. Gerasimov, Ya. V. Genin andD. Ya. Tsvankin,J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Edn 12 (1974) 2035.Google Scholar
- 28.
- 29.
- 30.
- 31.G. Porod,Acta Phys. Austriaca 2 (1948) 255.Google Scholar
- 32.O. Glatter,J. Appl. Cryst. 12 (1977) 166.Google Scholar
- 33.A. Guinier,Ann. Phys. 12 (1939) 161.Google Scholar
- 34.G. Porod,Kolloid Z. 124 (1951) 83.Google Scholar
- 35.Idem., ibid. 125 (1952) 51.Google Scholar
- 36.
- 37.
- 38.Idem., ibid. 11 (1978) 98.Google Scholar
- 39.
- 40.
- 41.
- 42.V. Luzzati,Acta Crystallogr. 13 (1960) 939.Google Scholar
- 43.R. E. Franklin,ibid. 3 (1950) 107.Google Scholar
- 44.R. E. Franklin,Proc. R. Soc. A 209 (1951) 196.Google Scholar
- 45.