Skip to main content
Log in

Effect of boron and nitrogen fertilization on cowpea nodulation, mineral nutrition and grain yield

  • Published:
Fertilizer research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A two year field study on the effect of nitrogen N and boron B fertilization on the nodulation, mineral nutrition and grain yield of cowpea was carried out in the Nigerian savanna where fairly widespread B deficiency has been reported. Treatments consisted of four levels of N (0, 15, 30 and 60 kg/ha in 1986 and 0, 15, 30 and 45 kg/ha in 1987) and three levels of B (0, 1.5 and 3.0 kg/ha). Cowpea responded positively though nonsignificantly to N fertilization up to 30 kg N/ha. However, N had no effect on the N, P, K and B content of index leaves. Boron application consistently reduced grain yield. Like N, applied B had no effect on the N, P, K concentration of index leaves but increased B concentration highly significantly (P < 0.001). The critical level of B toxicity in index leaves was approximated to be 21pm under field condition. Application of N and B depressed nodulation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Agbenin JO (1987) Effect of nitrogen and boron on Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (Walp) L) Nutrition. Unpubl. M. Sc thesis, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. 87 pp

    Google Scholar 

  2. Agboola AA (1977) The influence of soil organic matter on cowpea's response to nitrogen fertilizers. Nig Agric Soc Bull 1: 17–19

    Google Scholar 

  3. Agboola AA and Fayemi AA (1972) Fixation and excretion of nitrogen by tropical legumes. Agron J 64: 409–412

    Google Scholar 

  4. Anande-kur S (1976) Evaluation of the boron status of some savanna soils using soil and plant analysis. Ph.D thesis, Ahmadu Bello university, Zaria, Nigeria. 140 pp

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bergersen FJ (1974) Formation and function of bacteroids. In: Quispel (ed) The Biology of Nitrogen Fixation, pp 474–498. New York, Elsevier Publishing Company Incorporated

    Google Scholar 

  6. Chapman HD and Pratt PF (1961) Methods of analysis for soils, plants and waters. 368 pp. University of California, Division of agricultural sciences, Riverside, California

    Google Scholar 

  7. Dart PJ and Mercer FY (1965) The effect of growth temperature, level of ammonium nitrate and light intensity on the growth and nodulation of cowpea (Vigna sinensis). Aust J Agric Res 16: 321–345

    Google Scholar 

  8. Heathcote RG and Smithson JB (1974) Boron deficiency in northern Nigeria. 1. Factors influencing occurrence and methods of correction. Expl Agric 10: 199–208

    Google Scholar 

  9. Hemphill Jr DD, Weber MS and Jackson JL (1982) Tablebeet yield and boron deficiency as influenced by lime, nitrogen and boron. Soil Sci Soc Am J 46: 1190–1192

    Google Scholar 

  10. Howeler RH, Flor CA and Gonzalez CA (1978) Diagnosis of and correction of boron deficiency in beans and mungbeans in a mollisol from Cauca Valley of Colombia. Agron J 70: 493–497

    Google Scholar 

  11. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Annual Report. 1972. Ibadan, Nigeria

  12. Jones MJ (1973) The organic matter content of savanna soils of West Africa. J Soil Sci 24: 42–53

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kowal JM and Kassam AH (1978) Agricultural ecology of Savanna: A study of West Africa. Clarendon Press Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  14. Lombin G (1983) Evaluating the micronutrient fertility of Nigeria's semi arid-savanna soils: Boron and Molybdenum. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 13: 12–25

    Google Scholar 

  15. Miley WN, Hardy GW, Sturgis MB and Seedberry Jr JE (1969) Influence of boron, nitrogen and potassium on yield and nutrient uptake and abnormalities of cotton. Agron J 61: 9–13

    Google Scholar 

  16. Minchin FR, Summerfield RJ and Neves MCP (1980) Carbon metabolism, nitrogen assimilation and seed yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp) plants dependent on nitrate nitrogen or on one of two strains of Rhizobium. Trop Agric 58: 117–132

    Google Scholar 

  17. Murphy LS and Walsh LM (1972) Correction of micronutrient deficiencies with fertilizers. In: Mortvedt et al (eds.) Micronutrient in agriculture. pp. 347–387. Wisconsin, America Society of Agronomy

    Google Scholar 

  18. Nnadi LA, Singh L and Balasubramanian V (1981) Effects of grain legumes and sorghum on soil nitrogen and yield of subsequent maize crop. Samaru J Agric Res 1: 183–190

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ofori CS (1973) The importance of fertilizer nitrogen in grain legume production on soils of granitic origin in the upper region of Ghana. In: Proceedings of First IITA Grain Legume Improvement Workshop, IITA, Ibadan

    Google Scholar 

  20. Oke DO (1966) The fixation and transfer of nitrogen in cowpeas. West Afr J Biol Appl Chem 9: 17–19

    Google Scholar 

  21. Osiname OA (1978) The fertilizer NPK requirement of Ife-brown cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp). Trop Grain Legume Bull 11&12: 13–15

    Google Scholar 

  22. Rhoden EG and Allen JR (1982) Effect of B, Mn and Zn on nodulation and fixation in southern peas. Comm Soil Sci Plant Anal 13: 243–258

    Google Scholar 

  23. Shannon, DA (1983) A study of factors responsible for variable growth of soybeans in the southern guinea savanna of Nigeria. Ph.D thesis, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Tewari GP (1965) Effects of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium on nodulation in cowpeas. Expl Agric 1: 253–256

    Google Scholar 

  25. Valette JA and Ibanga IJ (1984) The detailed soil survey of the experimental farm of the Institute for Agricultural Research Farm, Samaru Zaria, Nigeria. Soil Survey Bull. IAR/ABU, Zaria, Nigeria

    Google Scholar 

  26. Wetselaar R (1967) Estimation of N fixation by four legumes in a dry monsoon areas of north western Australia. J Exp Agric Anim Husb 7: 518–552

    Google Scholar 

  27. Williet IR, Jakobsen P and Zarcinas BA (1985) Nitrogen induced boron deficiency in lucerne. Plant Soil 86: 443–446

    Google Scholar 

  28. Wolf B (1971) The determination of boron in soil extracts plant materials, compost, water and nutrient solutions. Comm. Soil Plant Anal 363–374

  29. Woodruff JR (1979) Soil boron and soybean leaf boron in relation to soybean yield. Comm Soil Sci Plant Anal 10: 941–952

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Agbenin, J.O., Lombin, G. & Owonubi, J.J. Effect of boron and nitrogen fertilization on cowpea nodulation, mineral nutrition and grain yield. Fertilizer Research 22, 71–78 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01116181

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01116181

Key words

Navigation