Effect of composition on the enhanced microwave sintering of alumina-based ceramic composites

Abstract

A series of comparative experiments were performed in which a number of alumina-zirconia compositions were sintered in both microwave and conventional furnaces, using identical heating profiles. Measurement of sample end-point densities showed an enhancement of the sintering process associated with the use of microwave heating for all compositions studied. The associated microstructures examined using scanning electron microscopy showed slightly larger grain sizes for the microwave-sintered compacts, as would be expected from their higher densities. The design of a high-temperature sintering dilatometer has allowed continuousin situ monitoring of the densification process in both the microwave and conventional environment. Data obtained in this way have shown that there is an effect of composition on microwave densification. This appears to be related to the increased lossiness of the composite, (increased zirconia content), rather than the effect of zirconia as a sintering aid. In addition the dilatometer results suggest that the microwave enhancement of the sintering process may be due to a reduction in the activation energy for grain-boundary diffusion.