Abstract
The equations of classical polarization gradient theory are studied using variational methods and finite element analysis. Variational principles are derived and specialized to represent the cubic centro-symmetric crystal structure. An isoparametric nine node axisymmetric finite element is developed and used to demostrate the application of the theory. An analysis of the effects of a point charge in a semi-infinite isotropic halfspace including surface tension effects is computed.
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Buchanan, G.R., Sallah, M. & Fong, K.F. Variational principles and finite element analysis for polarization gradient theory. Computational Mechanics 5, 447–458 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01113448
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01113448