Abstract
The influence of three levels of nitrogen fertilization on the grain yield, protein and starch make up of three varieties of rice: IR-8, Sabarmati, and Basmati-370, was studied in a field experiment. Part of the nitrogen was applied through foliar spraying at the time of anthesis. The grain protein and amylose content of developing caryopsis was studied.
Significant increase in yield and crude protein content was recorded but the amylose content decreased slightly with increased nitrogen fertilization.
Five of the essential amino-acids, reported, increased with fertilization. Lysine content increased steadily when expressed on protein as well as meal basis. Contrary to the expectation, the two dicarboxylic amino acids did not increase significantly.
Zusammenfassung
In einem Feldversuch wurde der Einfluß von 3 verschieden hohen Stickstoffgaben auf Kornertrag, Protein- und Stärkeeigenschaften der 3 Reissorten Ir-8, Sabarmati und Basmati-370 untersucht. Ein Teil des Stickstoffs wurde mit einer Spritze unmittelbar vor der Blütezeit auf die Blätter aufgesprüht. Der Protein- und Amylosegehalt der wachsenden Karyopse wurde untersucht.
Während Ertrag und Rohproteingehalt signifikant anstiegen, ging der Amylosegehalt bei steigender N-Dosis leicht zurück.
Durch vermehrte Düngung erhöhte sich der Gehalt an 5 essentiellen Aminosäuren, die aufgeführt werden. Der Lysingehalt nahm gleichmäßig zu, und zwar bezogen auf 16 g Protein wie auch auf 100 g Samen. Im Gegensatz dazu erhöhte sich jedoch der Gehalt der beiden sauren Aminosäuren nicht signifikant.
Die Ergebnisse sind im Hinblick auf eine Verbesserung des Nährwertes vielversprechend, zumal da derartige Sorten, deren Ertragshöhe von der Düngung abhängt, in ganz Südost-Asien mit seinem ernsten Problem der Protein-Mangelernährung zunehmend Verbreitung findet.
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Kaul, A.K., Raghaviah, P. Influence of nitrogen fertilization on some nutritional quality characters in rice. Plant Food Hum Nutr 24, 391–403 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01092224
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01092224