Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The international status of national liberation movements

  • Published:
Liverpool Law Review Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. H. Lauterpacht,International Law — Collected Papers (ed. E. Lauterpacht), vol. 1, London, Cambridge University Press, 1970, 136.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Principles of Public International Law, London, Oxford University Press, 3rd ed., 1979, 60.

  3. Op.cit., vol. 2, 1975, 489.

  4. I.C.J. Reports, 1949, 174, 178.

  5. See generally A. Rigo-Sureda,The Evolution of the Right of Self-Determination, Leiden, Sijthoff, 1973 and M. Pomerance,Self-Determination in Law and Practice, The Hague, Nijhoff, 1982.

  6. League of Nations Official Journal, Special Supplement no. 3, 1920, 5–6.

  7. See D. Bowett, “Problems of Self-Determination and Political Rights in Developing Countries”,Proceedings of the American Society of International Law (1966), 134.

  8. See A. Cassese, “The Self-Determination of Peoples” inThe International Bill of Rights (ed. Henkin), New York, Columbia University Press, 1981, 92.

    Google Scholar 

  9. I.C.J. Reports, 1971, 16, 31.

  10. I.C.J. Reports, 1975, 12, 32. See also Brownlie,op.cit. 593–6.

  11. I.C.J. Reports, 1971, 16, 31 and I.C.J. Reports, 1975, 12, 31.

    Google Scholar 

  12. See e.g. General Assembly resolutions 2671 (XXV), 2775E (XXVI), 2923E (XXVII), 3151G (XXVIII), 3324E (XXIX), 3411G (XXX), 31/6 and 32/105J.

  13. See J. Beaute,Le Droit de Pétition dans les Territoires Sous Tutelle, Paris, Librairie Générale de Droit et de Jurisprudence, 1962, and C. Lazarus, “Le Statut des Mourvements de Libération Nationale à l'Organisation des Nations Inies”,Annuaire Francais de Droit International (1974), 173.

  14. A/C. 4/ 744.

  15. See e.g.Yearbook of the United Nations, 1978, 820.

  16. See Z. Cervenka,The Unfinished Quest for Unity London, Friedmann, 1977 and B. Boutros-Ghali,L'Organisation de l'Unité Africaine, Paris, Colin, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  17. See the International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid adopted and opened for signature and ratification on 30 November 1973 by the General Assembly in resolution 3068 (XXVIII).

  18. A/C. 4/SR. 1978, 23.

  19. See e.g. resolutions 3280 (XXIX) and 3412 (XXX).

  20. E.C.O.S.O.C. resolution 1949 (LVIII), 8 May 1975, rule 73.

  21. C.H.R. resolution 19 (XXIX).

  22. See e.g. General Assembly resolutions 33/41 and 35/29.

  23. Yearbook of the United Nations, 1978, 633.

  24. See e.g. Security Council resolutions 312 (1972), 269 (1969) and 272 (1970).

  25. Yearbook of the United Nations, 1972, 70.

  26. S/PV. 1859. See also L. Gross, “Voting in the Security Council and the PLO”, 70American Journal of International Law (1976), 470 andDigest of U.S. Practice in International Law, 1975, 73–5.

  27. S/PV. 1870 (1976) and seeYearbook of the United Nations, 1978, 297 andU.N. Chronicle, April 1982, 16.

  28. A/Conf. 62/SR. 38. The voting was 88 to 2, with 35 abstentions.

  29. CDDH/ SR.7, 1.

  30. Cmnd. 6927, 16.

  31. SeeU.N. Weekly Summary, 11 May 1982, 2–3.

  32. See e.g. resolutions 3070 (XXVIII) and 3103 (XXVII).

  33. See in general J. Stone,Conflict Through Consensus Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  34. See in Particular L. Green, “The New Law of Armed Conflict”, 15Canadian Yearbook of International Law (1977), 3. The status and role of liberation movements have also been widely discussed in the contexts of terrorism and the hostages convention, see L. Green, “Double Standards in the United Nations: The Legalisation of Terrorism”, 18Archiv des Volkesrechts (1979), 129 and W. Verwey, “The International Hostages Convention and National Liberation Movements”, 75American Journal of International Law (1981), 69.

    Google Scholar 

  35. I.C.J. Reports, 1975, 12, 68. See also M. Shaw, “The Western Sahara Case”,British Yearbook of International Law (1978), 119.

  36. A/10023/ Add.1, annex.

  37. See e.g. resolutions 32/22, 33/31A and 36/46.

  38. West Africa, 12 April 1982, 968.

  39. Keesings Contemporary Archives, 31487–90.

  40. Resolution 3111 (XXVIII). See also resoution ES- 8/2, 14 September 1981.

  41. See e.g. General Assembly resolutions 31/147 and 32/9.

  42. U.N. Chronicle, August 1981, 50. See also Security Council resolution 435 (1978).

  43. According to a U.K. Foreign Office Minister, 45 States accorded diplomatic status to the local office of the P.L.O., H.C. Debates, Written Answers, 10 March 1982, col.427. See “Dialogue: The Legal Status of the P.L.O.” (a symposium involving Professor R. Friedlander, Dr. Kassim and Dr. Levine), 10Denver Journal of International Law and Policy (1981), 221.

  44. See e.g. resolutions 2396 (XXIII), 2923E (XXVII), 3055 (XXVIII), 31/61, 31/77, 32/19, 35/206 A–R and 36/172 A–N.

  45. See e.g. resolutions 3485 (XXX), 31/51, 31/53, 32/34, 32/27 and 36/50.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. the Centre for International Law at the University of Essex, UK

    Malcolm Shaw (Senior Lecturer in Law)

Authors
  1. Malcolm Shaw
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Shaw, M. The international status of national liberation movements. Liverpool Law Rev 5, 19–34 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01079983

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01079983

Keywords

Search

Navigation