Literature Cited
A group of articles on mathematical technology in Usp. Mat. Nauk, 1, Nos. 5, 6, 3–174 (1946): 1) N. E. Kobrinskii and L. A. Lyusternik, “Mathematical technology (introduction to the group)”; 2) I. N. Yanzhul, “Calculating machines and their application to astronomical calculations” 3) V. M. Proshko, “Devices for determining the roots of a system of linear equations”: 4) [Russian translation of 5)]; 5) V. Bush and D. Caldwell, “A new type of differential analyzer,” J. Franklin Inst.,240, No. 4 (Oct., 1945); 6) [Russian translation of 7)]; 7) M. Born, R. Furtz, and R. V. Princhl, “A photoelectric Fourier transformer,” Nature (Dec. 22, 1945).
M. L. Bykhovskii, “New American calculating machines,” Usp. Mat. Nauk,2, No. 2, 131–134 (1947).
Popular Science, October, 86 (1944).
Popular Science, April, 83 (1946).
D. R. Hartrey, “The ENIAC, an electronic calculating machine,” Nature,157, No. 3990, 527.
D. R. Hartrey, “The ENIAC, an electronic computing machine,” Nature,158, No. 4015 (Oct. 12, 1946).
H. H. Aiken and G. M. Hopper, “The automatic sequence controlled calculator,” Electrical Engineering, Nos. 8–10 (1946).
Russian translation of [6].
Russian translation of [7].
Theory and Techniques for the Design of Electronic Digital Computers (Lectures given at the Moore School, July 8 to August 31, 1946), Vols. 1–4, University of Pennsylvania Moore School of Electrical Engineering, Philadelphia (1946).
A. W. Burks, H. H. Goldstine, and J. von Neumann, Preliminary Discussion of the Logical Design of an Electronic Computing Instrument, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey (July, 1946).
A. W. Burks, H. H. Godstine, and J. von Neumann, Report on the Mathematical and Logical Aspects of an Electronic Computing Instrument, Pt. 1, 2nd ed., Princeton, New Jersey (1947).
A. W. Burks, H. H. Goldstine, and J. von Neumann, Preliminary Discussion of the Logical Design of an Electronic Computing Instrument, 2nd ed., the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey (1947).
Proceedings of a Symposium on Large-Scale Digital Computing Machinery (held in Harvard Computational Laboratory in (1947), The Annals of the Computational Laboratory of Harvard University, Vol. 16, Cambridge, Massachusetts (1948).
M. L. Bykhovskii, “Fundamentals of electronic discrete mathematical machines,” Usp. Mat. Nauk,4, No. 3, 69–124 (1949).
W. W. Stiffler (editor) High-Speed Computing Devices, by the Staff of Engineering Research Associates, Supervised by C. B. Tompkins and J. N. Wakelin, 1st ed. (1950).
Russian translation of [16].
F. J. Murray, The Theory of Mathematical Machines, rev. ed. (1948).
Russian translation of [18].
H. Rutishauser, A. Speiser, and E. Stiefel, “Programmgesteurte digitale Rechengeräte (elektronische Rechenmaschinen),” Z. Angew. math Phys. Pt. I,1, No. 5, 277–297 (Sept. 1950); Pt. II,1, No. 6, 339–362 (Nov., 1950) Pt. III, 2, No. 1, 1–25 (Jan., 1951); Conclusion, 2, No. 2, 63–91 (March, 1951).
Russian translation of [20].
“MÉSM,” Encyclopedia of Cybernetics [in Russian], Vol. 2, Naukova Dumka, Kiev (1974).
L. A. Lyusternik, A. A. Abramov, V. I. Shestakov, and M. R. Shura-Bura, “The solution of mathematical problems on automatic digital machines,” in: Programming for High-Speed Electronic Calculating Machines [in Russian], Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow (1952).
H. H. Goldstine and J von Neumann, Planning and Coding for an Electronic Computing Instrument, Vols. 1–3, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton (1947–1948).
M. V. Wilkes, “Program design for automatic calculating machines,” J. Sci. Instr.,26, 217–220 (1949).
M. V. Wilkes, D. J. Wheeler, and S. Gill, The Preparation of Programs for an Electronic Digital Computer, Cambridge, Massachusetts (1951).
Russian translation of [26].
Conference on Ways to Develop Soviet Mathematical Machine Building and Instrumentation. Plenary Session. (132 pp.). Section on Universal Digital Machines, Pt. I (230 pp.); Pt. II (259 pp.); Pt. III (180 pp.), Moscow March 12–17, 1956 [in Russian], VINITI: 1) A. A. Lyapunov and Yu. I. Yanov, “On logical schemes of programs,” Pt. III, 5–8; 2) S. S. Kamynin and É. Z. Lyubimskii, “Automatic programming,” 9–17; 3) A. P. Ershov, “Programming program for BÉSM, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 18–29; 4) L. V. Kantorovich, L. T. Petrova, and M. A. Yakovleva, “On a programming system,” 30–36.
Conference on Ways to Develop Soviet mathematical Machine Building and Instrumentation (Program), Moscow, March 12–17, 1956 [in Russian].
20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Stenographic Report [in Russian], Vol. 2, Politizdat, Moscow (1956).
A. P. Ershov and A. A. Lyapunov, “On a formalization of the concept of program” Kibernetika, No. 5, 40–57, (1967).
A. P. Ershov, “The present state of the theory of program schemes,” in: Problems of Cybernetics [in Russian], No. 27, Nauka, Moscow (1973).
A. I. Kitov, Electronic Digital Machines [in Russian], Sov. Radio, Moscow (1956).
S. D. Pogorelyi and L. I. Pshenichnyi, “Organization of the control of exchange in a minicomputer,” Programmirovanie, No. 1, 48–52 (1976).
Transactions of the 3rd All-Union Mathematical Congress, Moscow, June–July, 1956, Vol. 2, Abstracts of the Survey and Section Papers [in Russian], Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow (1956).
Session of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR on the Scientific Problems of Production Automation, 1956. Plenary Session [in Russian], Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow (1957).
N. Rochester, “Symbolic programming,” IRE Trans.EC-2, No. 1, 10–15 (1953).
E. A. Zhogolev, G. S. Roslyakov, N. P. Trifonov, and M. R. Shura-Bura, in: System of Standard Subroutines (edited by M. R. Shura-Bura) [in Russian], GIFML, Moscow (1958).
A. P. Ershov, Programming Program for High-Speed Electronic Calculating Machine [in Russian], Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow (1958).
T. M. Velikanova, A. P. Ershov, K. V. Kim, V. M. Kurochkin, Yu. A. Oleinik-Ovod, and V. D. Podderyugin, “Programming program for the machine ‘Strela’,” in Abstracts of Papers at a Meeting on Computational Mathematics and the Application of Computers [in Russian], Izd. Akad. Nauk AzerbSSR, Baku (1958).
A. P. Ershov and K. V. Kim, Programming Program for the Computer “Strela-3” (PPS) [in Russian], Izd. Vychisl. Tsentr Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow (1961).
A. A. Lyapunov (editor), Problems of Cybernetics [in Russian], Vol. 1, GIFML, Moscow (1958), pp. 46–74, 135–189: 1) A. A. Lyapunov, “On logical schemes of programs”; 2) S. S. Kamynin, É. Z. Lyubimskii, and M. R. Shura-Bura, “On automatic programming by means of programming programs”; 3) E. S. Lukhovitskaya, “Block for processing logical conditions in PP-2”; 4) E. Z. Lyubimskii, “Arithmetic block in PP-2”; 5) S. S. Kamynin, “Block for address modification in PP-2”; 6) V. S. Shtarkman, “Block for working register optimization in PP-2”;
N. P. Trifonov and M. R. Shura-Bura (editors), Automatic Programming Systems [in Russian], GIFML, Moscow (1961): Section 1. “Programming systems using libraries of subroutines,” pp. 15–70. Section 2. “Programming programs,” pp. 71–148. Section 2. “Automated debugging of programs and checks on computation. pp. 149–187.
All-Union Conference on Computational Mathematics and Computers (Program), Moscow, November 16–21, 1959 [in Russian], Izd. MGU (1959): 1) M. R. Shura-Bura, “Interpretive system on computer”; 2) S. S. Kamynin, “System of standard subroutines for the IS-2 method”; 3) V. I. Sobel'man, “Auxiliary programs of IS-2”; 4) V. V. Martynyuk, “Program for automatic address assignment.”
M. R. Shura-Bura, “Interpretation system IS-2,” in: Library of Standard Programs [in Russian], Izd. TsBTI, Moscow (1961).
V. V. Martynyuk, “On the method of symbolic addresses,” in: Problems of Cybernetics [in Russian], No. 6, GMIFL, Moscow (1961).
V. S. Korolyuk, “On a programming method,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk UkrSSR, No. 12, 1292–1295 (1958).
V. S. Korolyuk, “On the concept of address algorithm,” in: Problems of Cybernetics [in Russian], No. 4, GIFML, Moscow (1960).
E. L. Yushchenko, Address Programming [in Russian], GITL UkrSSR, Kiev (1963).
R. A. Brooker, “The autocode programs developed for Manchester University Computers,” Comput. J. (1958).
V. M. Glushkov, E. L. Yushchenko, S. B. Pogrebinskii, et al., The “Kiev” Computer [in Russian], GITL UkrSSR, Kiev (1962).
Transactions of the V. A. Steklov Mathematics Institute. Vol. 66. Work on Automatic Programming, Numerical Methods, and Functional Analysis [in Russian], Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow — Leningrad (1962), pp. 4–112. Yakovleva, “Large-block programming”; 2) L. T. Petrova and I. A. Plätunova, “Machine realization of computations in an initial class of lists”; 3) T. N. Pervozvanskaya, “Analytical calculations on computer for the solution of certain types of differential equations”; 4) K. V. Shakhbazyan, “Computation of programs of functional operations”; 5) T. N. Smirnova, “Polynomial monitor and the performance of analytical calculations by computer.”
A. P. Ershov, “On the programming of arithmetic operators,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR,118, No. 3, 427–430 (1958).
L. N. Korolev, “Coding and reduction of codes,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR,113, No. 4, 746–747.
L. N. Korolev, “Methods for extracting a required word from a dictionary,” in: Computers [in Russian], Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow (1958), pp. 116–118.
G. M. Adel'son-Vel'skii and E. M. Landis, “An algorithm for the organization of information,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR,146, No. 2, 263–266 (1962).
A. L. Brudno, “Branches and bounds for reducing enumeration of variants,” in: Problems of Cybernetics, [in Russian], No. 10, GIFML, Moscow (1963), pp. 141–150.
L. A. Kalushin, “On the algorithmization of mathematical problems,” in: Problems of Cybernetics [in Russian], No. 2, GIFML, Moscow (1959), pp. 51–68.
A. P. Ershov, “Operator algorithms, Pt. 1 (Basic concepts),” in: Problems of Cybernetics, No. 3; “Pt. 2 (Descriptions of the basic programming structures),” in: Problems of Cybernetics, No. 8 [in Russian], GIFML, Moscow (1960, 1962), pp. 211–233.
É. Z. Lyubimskii, “On automatic programming and the method of programming programs,” Author's Abstract of Dissertation, Mathematics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow (1958).
L. N. Korolev, “Some methods of automatic coding for BÉSM and ‘Strela’ computers,” in: Computer Programming and Artificial Intelligence. Lectures Given at the University of Michigan Summer School (edited by J. W. Carr III), College of Engineering (1958).
A. P. Ershov, “Work of the Computing Center of the AS of the USSR in the field of automatic programming,” in: Proceedings of the Symposium on the Mechanization of Thought Processes held at the NPL, Teddington, November 24–27 (1958).
A. P. Ershov, “Automatic programming in the Soviet Union,” Datamation,5, No. 4, 14–20 (1959).
A. J. Perlis and K. Samelson (editors), “Report on the algorithmic language ALGOL,” Commun. Assoc. Comput. Mach.,1, No. 12 (1958).
A. P. Ershov (editor), Automatic Programming (Collection of Translations) (FORTRAN, UNICODE, FORTRANSIT, ALGOL) [in Russian], GIFML, Moscow (1961).
A. P. Ershov, “How should the next program be?” in: All-Union Conference on Computational Mathematics and Computers (Program), Moscow, November 16–21 [in Russian], (published in [79]).
Russian translation of [68].
J. W. Backus, F. L. Bauer, J. Green, C. Katz, J. McCarthy, P. Naur, A. J. Perlis, H. Rutishauser, K. Samelson, B. Vauquois, J. H. Wegstein, A. van Wijngaarden, and M. Woodger, “Report on the algorithmic language ALGOL (edited by P. Naur),” ALGOL Bulletin Supplement, No. 2 (March, 1960), Regnecentralen, Valby, Denmark.
Russian translation of.
A. P. Ershov, G. I. Kozhukhin, and Yu. M. Voloshin, Input Language to an Automatic Programming System (Preliminary Communication), [in Russian], Izd. Vychisl. Tsentr Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow (1961).
Commun. Assoc. Comput. Mach.,4, No. 1 (1961).
M. R. Shura-Bura and A. P. Ershov, “Machine languages and automatic programming,” in: Transactions of the Fourth All-Union Mathematics Congress, Leningrad, July 3–12, 1961, Vol. 1, Plenary Papers [in Russian], Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Leningrad (1963), pp. 243–250.
V. N. Popov, V. A. Stepanov, A. G. Stisheva, and N. A. Travnikova, “Programming program,” Zh. Vychisl. Mat. Mat. Fiz.,4, No 1, 78–95 (1964).
M. R. Shura-Bura and É. Z. Lyubimskii, “ALGOL 60 translator,” Zh. Vychisl Mat. Mat. Fiz.,4, No. 1, 96–112 (1964).
G. I. Babetskii, M. M. Bezhanova, Yu. M. Voloshin, A. P. Ershov, B. A. Zagatskii, L. L. Zmievskaya, G. I. Kozhukhin, S. K. Kozhukhina, R. D. Mishkovich, Yu. I. Mikhalevich, I. V. Pottosin, and L. K. Trokhan, “Automatic programming system AL'FA,” Zh. Vychisl. Mat. Mat. Fiz.,5, No. 2, 317–325 (1965).
A. P. Ershov, G. I. Kozhukhin, and Yu. M. Voloshin, Input Language for Automatic Programming Systems [in Russian], Sibirsk, Otd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Novosibirsk (1964).
V. I. Sobel'man and M. R. Shura-Bura, “Realization of recursive procedures in ALGOL 60,” Zh. Vychisl. Mat. Mat. Fiz.,2, No. 2, 303–316 (1962).
M. R. Shura-Bura and V. V. Martynyuk, “On the efficient organization of dynamic memory allocations,” Zh. Vychisl. Mat. Mat. Fiz.,4, No. 5, 963–967 (1962).
G. I. Babetskii et al., (), in: AL'FA — An Automatic Programming System (edited by A. P. Ershov) [in Russian], Nauka, Sibirsk. Otd., Novosibirsk (1967).
“Description of the language ALGAMS,” in: Algorithms and Algorithmic Languages [in Russian], No. 3, Izd. Vychisl. Tsentr Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow (1968), pp. 3–56.
S. P. Surzhikov, “Automatic utilization of the medium-scale computer M-20.” Author's abstract, in: First All-Union Conference on Programming, Kiev, October, 1968 [in Russian], Inst. Kibernetiki Akad. Nauk UkrSSR, Kiev (1968).
V. L. Katkov, V. P. Morozov, I. V. Pottosin, A. F. Rar, L. Ya. Semenova, and A. E. Khoperskov, ÉPSILON — An Automatic Programming System for Problems in Symbol Manipulation [in Russian], Nauka, Sibirsk Otd., Novosibirsk (1972).
V. L. Katkov and A. F. Rar, Programming in ÉPSILON [in Russian], Nauka, Sibirsk, Otd., Novosibirsk (1972).
S. S. Kamynin and É. Z. Lyubimskii, “An algorithmic machine-oriented language — ALMO,” in: Algorithms and Algorithmic Languages [in Russian], No. 1, Izd. Vychisl. Tsentr Akad. Nauk SSSR Moscow (1967), pp. 5–58.
A. P. Ershov, “Programming-68” (Opening paper at the First All-Union Conference on Programming, Kiev, October, 1968). Transactions of the Seminar on Automatic Programming [in Russian], Izd. Akad. Nauk, UkrSSR, Kiev (1968), pp. 3–26.
A. I. Kitov, N. A. Krinitskii, and P. N. Komolov, Elements of Programming [in Russian], Izd. Artilleriiskoi Inzh. Akad. im. F. E. Dzerzhinskii, Moscow (1956).
A. I. Kitov and N. A. Krinitskii, Electronic Digitial Machines and Programming [in Russian], GIFML, Moscow (1959).
B. V. Gnedenko, V. S. Korolyuk, and E. L. Yushchenko, Elements of Programming [in Russian], GIFML, Moscow (1961).
E. A. Zhogolev and N. P. Trifonov, A Programming Course [in Russian], Nauka, Moscow (1964).
I. S. Mukhin and A. M. Stragovich, “Contour shapes of uniformly stable banks,” Inzh. Sb., No. 23, 121–131 (1956).
Yu. I. Yanov, “On equivalence and transformations of program schemes,” Author's Abstract of Dissertation, Mathematics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow (1957).
O. S. Kulagina, “Certain theoretical questions of machine translation,” Author's Abstract of Dissertation. Mathematics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow (1958).
L. N. Korolev, “Certain theoretical questions of machine dictionaries,” Author's Abstract of Dissertation. Institute of Precision Mechanics and Computer Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow (1959).
“Seminars on cybernetics at Moscow University,” in: Problems of Cybernetics [in Russian], No. 1, GIFML, Moscow (1958).
S. S. Lavrov “On memory optimization in operator schemes,” Zh. Vychisl. Mat. Mat. Fiz., 1, No. 4, 687–701 (1961).
A. P. Ershov, “Reduction of the memory-allocation problem in program assembly to the problem of coloring the vertices of a graph, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 142, No. 4, 785–787 (1962).
Central Statistical Management of the USSR. The USSR in issues in 1975 [in Russian], Statistiki, Moscow (1975).
A. P. Ershov, “Basic principles of the construction, of the programming program of the Institute of Mathematics of the Siberian Department of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.,” Sibirsk. Mat. Zh., 2, No. 6, 835–852 (1961).
I. S. Bruk (editor), High-Speed Computer M-2 [in Russian], GITTL, Moscow (1957).
V. V. Belynskii, V. M. Dolkart, B. M. Kagan, G. P. Lopato, and N. Ya. Matyukhin, Small-Scale Electronic Computer M-3 [in Russian], Filial VINITI, Moscow (1957).
L. L. Gil'man, “On certain machine-code-programming techniques,” in: Problems of Cybernetics [in Russian], No. 3, GIFML, Moscow (1960), pp. 139–148.
G. A. Mikhailov, B. N. Shitikov, and N. A. Yablinskii, “Digital electronic calculating machine TsÉM-1” in: Problems of Cybernetics [in Russian], No. 1, GIFML, Moscow (1958), pp. 190–202.
N. A. Krinitskii, G. A. Mironov, and T. D. Frolov, in: Programming [in Russian] (edited by M. R. Shura-Bura), GIFML, Moscow (1963).
I. G. Ilzinya, Programming for Two-Address Digital Computers [in Russian], Izd. Akad. Nauk LatvSSR, Riga (1962).
N. A. Krinitskii G. A. Mironov, and T. D. Frolov, Programming [in Russian], Nauka, Moscow (1966).
Additional information
Under this heading the editorial board of Kibernetika proposes to publish a series of articles on the foundation and development of programming in the various scientific establishments of the country within the framework of a general program of creating and introducing computers in the USSR. Research scientists working in the field of programming are invited to submit articles on this subject. In the preliminary investigation, proposed to the readets, made on the basis of publications as well as the personal recollections and archives of the authors, an attempt is made to analyze the first 15 years of the foundation and development of programming in the USSR.
Translated from Kibernetika, No. 6, pp. 141–160, November–December, 1976
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ershov, A.P., Shura-Bura, M.R. Directions of development of programming in the USSR. Cybern Syst Anal 12, 954–978 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01070428
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01070428