Abstract
Power, examined within a reinforcement exchange model, is proposed as an essential dynamism through which program evaluation is mounted, executed, and utilized. The ability of the program evaluator to influence or control the policies or operations of the evaluatee depends chiefly on an exchange of behaviors which nets all participants of the evaluation interaction a fair and sufficient “payoff” in terms of contingent reinforcements. Other contextual features of program evaluation, particularly those that constrain on utilization of the recommendations, are briefly discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wilner D:Evaluation: State of the Technical Art. In J. Zusman, CR Wurster (eds):Program Evaluation. Lexington, Mass, Heath, 1975.
Webb EJ,et al:Unobtrusive Measures: Nonreactive Research in the Social Sciences. Chicago, Rand McNally, 1971.
Weiss CH: Evaluation research in tyhe political context. In EL Streuning, M Guttentag (eds):Handbook of Evaluation Research, Vol. 1. Beverly Hills, Calif, Sage, 1975.
Dornbusch SM, Scott WR:Evaluation and the Exercise of Authority. San Francisco, Jossey-Bass, 1975.
Adams JS: Inequity in social exchange. In L Berkowitz (ed):Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 2. New York, Academic Press, 1965.
Homans GC:Social Behavior: Its Elementary Forms. New York, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1974.
Thibaut JW, Kelley HH:The Social Psychology of Groups. New York, Wiley, 1959.
McGinnies E:Social Behavior: A Functional Analysis. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1970.
Blau PM:Exchange and Power in Social Life. New York, Wiley, 1964.
Davis H: Four Ways to Goal Attainment.Evaluation 1, 1973.
Guttentag M, Snapper K: Plans, evaluations, and decisions.Evaluation 2(1), 1974.
French JR, Raven B: The Bases of Social Power. In D Cartwright (ed):Studies in Social Power. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press, 1959.
Saper B: Psychology, power, and the power structure.Profess Psychol 1: 105–114, 1970.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Saper, B. A reinforcement exchange analysis of the power aspects of program evaluation. Psych Quart 50, 228–236 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01064713
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01064713