Abstract
A comparative study was made of Cd accumulation in three species of Unionidae. Up to eleven weeks of exposure, patterns of accumulation in whole animal were biphasic and didn't differ essentially between the species. After the eleventh week, Cd uptake increased strongly inA. anatina, whereas inA. cygnea metal concentration remained at a constant level. This dissimilarity is discussed in terms of differing ventilation activity. Large differences were observed between corresponding organs of the species with regard to the Cd concentration (on the basis of organ dry weight). However, when comparing the normalized burden values (on the basis of total dry weight) differences were found to be small. In conclusion, in the comparison of related species, normalized burden rather than concentration has to be considered as the more realistic parameter of Cd accumulation. Comparing mussels of different condition (summer and winter animals) of the same species, accumulation patterns diverged when the parameter of Cd concentration was used, but not with the parameter of Cd burden; the total body or organ mass factor holds elements of differing, seasonally dependent weight (e.g., energy stores) that do not affect the extent of Cd uptake. Cd amounts and Cd concentrations (on a protein basis) were highest either in the nuclear fraction or in the cytosol in the two Anodonta species, depending on the organ. In gillsof A. anatina, and in midgut gland ofA. cygnea, 75% of total organ Cd was found in the nuclear fraction. A possible contribution of large membrane-limited vesicles and of calcium concretions to this fraction is discussed. Only in the kidney of either species was the amount of cytosolic Cd greater than that in the nuclear fraction. In the other cases, the ratio of Cd amounts in the nuclear and cytosolic fractions was about 3∶2. Partition of Cd between the total particulate and the non-particulate fraction was similar at 5 and 16 weeks of exposure. After gel filtration, total cytosolic Cd was recovered in a high-molecular weight (HMW) fraction and in a protein fraction with apparent MW of 11 kD. In gills, mantle, and midgut gland, the contribution of the latter fraction increased with exposure time.
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Hemelraad, J., Holwerda, D.A., Teerds, K.J. et al. Cadmium kinetics in freshwater clams. II. A comparative study of cadmium uptake and cellular distribution in the UnionidaeAnodonta cygnea, Anodonta anatina, andUnio pictorum . Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 15, 9–21 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01055244
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01055244