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Concentration of trace gases in the lower troposphere, simultaneously recorded at neighboring mountain stations

Spurengase in der unteren Troposphäre, simultan registriert an benachbarten Gebirgsstationen

Part I: Carbon dioxide

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Summary

A description is given of our own network of stations for recording the CO2 concentration. Measurements are carried out at three neighboring mountain stations: valley floor 740 m a.s.l., medium-level peak station 1780 m a.s.l., and high-level peak station at nearly 3000 m a.s.l. Records were taken continuously since 1978, except for the high-level peak station where they have begun in 1981. The topographic situation of the stations, extending over a vertical range of about 2 km at relatively small horizontal distance, is described as well as the measuring technique and calibration procedures (Keeling scale). The station at medium-level is a WMO-BAPMoN-station with extended program. Additionally, all meteorological parameters, some other trace gases, aerosol parameters, and physico-chemical quantities are determined at the stations.

The results are presented in detail and discussed. They comprise the long-term time variation of the CO2 concentration at three levels based both upon monthly mean values and ten-day mean values. Moreover, the annual and daily variations at the three stations are shown and their different behavioral trend is explained and commented on.

Finally it is investigated to what extent the CO2 concentration in the respective altitude is influenced by meteorological quantities, such as sunshine duration, wind speed, precipitation, relative humidity, temperature, and by the biomass.

Zusammenfassung

Das eigene Stationsnetz zur Registrierung der CO2-Konzentration wird beschrieben. Diese erfolgt an drei benachbarten Gebirgsstationen: im Talraum 740 m a.s.l., an einer mittelhohen Gipfelstation 1780 m a.s.l. und an einem Hochgebirgsgipfel nahe 3000 m a.s.l. seit 1978 (Hochgebirgsstation seit 1981). Die orographische Situation der drei höhengestaffelten Stationen von geringer horizontaler Distanz werden beschrieben, ebenso die Meßtechnik und die Verfahren zur Eichung (Keeling-Skala). Die mittelhohe Station ist eine BAPMoN-Station der WMO mit erweitertem Programm. An den Stationen werden zusätzlich alle meteorologischen Parameter und zahlreiche weitere Spurengase, Aerosolparameter und andere physikalisch-chemische Größen erfaßt.

Die Ergebnisse werden eingehend dargestellt und kommentiert. Sie umfassen die langzeitliche Veränderung der CO2-Konzentration in den drei Niveaus sowohl anhand von Monats-Mittelwerten, als auch von Dekaden-Mittelwerten. Ferner werden die Jahresgänge und Tagesgänge an den drei Stationen dargestellt und ihre unterschiedlichen Verhaltungsweisen beschrieben und kommentiert.

Schließlich wird untersucht, inwieweit die CO2-Konzentration in der jeweiligen Höhe durch meteorologische Parameter wie Dauer der Sonneneinstrahlung, Windgeschwindigkeit, Niederschlag, relative Feuchte und Temperatur sowie durch die Biomasse beeinfluß wird.

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References

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Reiter, R., Sladkovic, R. & Kanter, H.J. Concentration of trace gases in the lower troposphere, simultaneously recorded at neighboring mountain stations. Meteorl. Atmos. Phys. 35, 187–200 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01041811

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01041811

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