Skip to main content
Log in

Air entrainment and thermal radiation from heptane pool fires

  • Published:
Fire Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

An experimental study was made to explore the air entrainment into heptane pool fires and the smoke blocking effect on thermal radiation from fire. Heptane was burned in five different sized tanks 0.3 m, 0.6 m, 1 m, 2 m, and 6 m in diameter, and its burning rate, flame temperature, vertical hot gas velocity, and thermal radiation were measured. It was found that the total amount of air entrainment is about 5 times the stoichiometric air requirement. A smoke block effect appeared at tank diameter of 2 m or more.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Babrauskas, V., “Estimating Large Pool Fire Burning Rates,”Fire Technology 19, No. 4, p. 251 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Burgess, D. S., Strasser, A., and Grumer, J., “Diffusive Burning of Liquid Fuels in Open Trays,”Fire Research Abstracts and Reviews,3, No. 3, p. 177 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Welker, J. R., and Sliepcevich, C. M., “Burning Rates and Heat Transfer from Windblown Flames,”Fire Technology 2, No. 3, p. 211 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Graves, K. W., “Fire Fighter's Exposure Study,” Technical Report AGFSRS 71-2, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (1970).

  5. Yumoto, T., “An Experimental Study on Heat Radiation from Oil Tank Fire,” FRI report No. 33, p. 23 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Fu, T. T., “Aviation Fuel Fire Behavior Study,” Technical Report AGFSRS 72-2, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (1972).

  7. Alger, R. S., and Capener, E. L., “Aircraft Ground Fire Suppression and Rescue Systems—Basic Relationships in Military Fires—Phase I and II,” Technical Report AGFSRS 72-1, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (1972).

  8. Uehara, Y., Yumoto, T., and Nakagawa, S., “Burning Characteristics of Cryogenic Fuels,” FRI Report, No. 37, p. 1 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  9. "Report of Oil Tank Fire Extinguishment Experiment,” FRI Technical Report, No. 8 (1976).

  10. Hagglund, B., and Persson, L. E., “The Heat Radiation from Petroleum Fires,” FOA Report C 20126-D6 (A3) (1976).

  11. Japan Society of Safety Engineering, “Report of Oil Tank Fire Experiment” (1979).

  12. Alger, R. S., Corlett, R. C., Gordon, A.S., and Williams, F. A., “Some Aspects of Structures of Turbulent Pool Fires,”Fire Technology,15, No. 2, p. 142 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Japan Society of Safety Engineering, “Report of Oil Fire Experiment” (1981).

  14. Yumoto, T., Sato, K., and Koseki, H., “Combustible Property of Various Liquid Fuels,”Shoken Syuho No. 35, p. 30 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Mizner, G. A., and Eyre, J. A., “Large-Scale LNG and LPG Pool Fires,”I.C.E. Symp. Series No. 71, p. 147 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  16. Rasbash, D. J., Rogowski, Z. W., and Stark, G. W. V., “Properties of Fires of Liquids,”Fuel 35, p. 94 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Blinov, V. I., and Khudyakov, G. N., “Diffusion Burning of Liquids,”Izv. Akad. Nauk. SSSR (1961).

  18. Magnus, C., “Tests on Combustion Velocity of Liquid Fuels and Temperature Distribution in Flames and Beneath Surface of the Burning Liquid,”Inter. Symp. on the Use of Models in Fire Research, Berl, W. G. (Ed.), p. 76 (1961).

  19. Raj, P. K. “Analysis of JP-4 Fire Test Data and Development of a Simple Fire Model,” ASME, 81-HT-17, p. 1 (1981).

  20. Yumoto, T., and Koseki, H., “Effect of Tank Diameter on Combustion Characteristics of Heptane Tank Fires,” FRI Report, No. 55, p. 71 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  21. Steward, F. R., “Prediction of the Height of Turbulent Diffusion Buoyant Flames,”Comb. Sci. Tech.,2, p. 203 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kung, H. C., and Stavrianidis, P., “Buoyant Plumes of Large-Scale Pool Fires,”Ninth Symp. (Inter.) on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, p. 905 (1982).

  23. Tarifa, C.S., Notario, P. P. D., and Valdes, E. C., “Open Fires,” Report of Grants FG-SP-114 and FG-SP-146 (Vol. 1), Madrid (1967).

  24. Koseki, H., Unpublished data.

  25. Emori, R. I., and Saito, K., “A Study of Scaling Laws in Pool and Crib Fires,”Comb. Sci. Tech.,31, p. 217 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hiroshi, K., Taro, Y. Air entrainment and thermal radiation from heptane pool fires. Fire Technol 24, 33–47 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01039639

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01039639

Key words

Navigation