Summary
Linearization and adjoint-model derivation for the solar radiation transfer codes in the NMC spectral model have been carried out. Verification of the validity of resulting tangent linear model and the correctness of the corresponding adjoint have been performed. Applications of derived adjoint model are considered, including parameter estimation for inputs to solar radiation codes with aid of the physics (i.e., the solar radiation codes) and a sensitivity study of the downward solar radiation flux at the earth surface with respect to water vapor amount at various heights.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Albrecht, B. A., Randall, D. A., Nicholls, S., 1988: Observation of marine stratocumulus clouds during FIRE.Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.,69, 618–626.
Anderson, E., Pailleux, J., Thepaut, J. N., Eyre, J. R., McNally, A. P., Kelly, G. K., Courtier, P., 1994: Use of cloud-cleared radiances in three/four-dimensional variational data assimilation.Quart. J. Roy. Meter. Soc.,120, 627–653.
Banks, H. T., Kunisch, K., 1989:Estimation Techniques for Distributed Parameter Systems. Boston: Birkhauser 315 pp.
Cacuci, D. G., 1981a: Sensitivity theory for nonlinear systems. I: Nonlinear functional analysis approach.J. Math. Phys.,2, 2794–2802.
Cacuci, D. G., 1981b: Sensitivity theory for nonlinear systems. II: Extensions to additional classes of responses.J. Math. Phys.,22, 2803–2812.
Campana, K. A., Basu, B. K., Schwarzkopf, M. D., 1988: Radiative process. In: Documentation of NMC spectral model (1988).
Campana, K. A., Kumar, A., Leetmaa, A., 1990: Radiation and cloud parameterization at National Meteorological Center. 1990 ECMWF Workshop on Clouds, Radiation, and the Hydrological cycle.
Courtier, P., 1987: Application du contrôle optimal à la prévision numérique en météorologie. Thèse de Doctorat de I'Université de Paris VI.
Derber, J. C., Parrish, D. F., Lord, S. J., 1991: The new global operational analysis system at the National Meteorological Center.Wea Forecasting,6, 538–547.
Derber, J. C., Parrish, D. F., Sela, J. G., 1993: The SSI analysis system and extension to 4-D. In: Variational assimilation, with special emphasis on three-dimensional aspects. Proc. of a Workshop held at ECMWF, June 1993, 15–35.
Derber, J. C., Parrish, D. F., Wu, W. S., Pu, Z., Rizvi, S. R. H., 1994: Improvements to the operational SSI global analysis system. Proc. of the Tenth Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, held in Portland, Oregon, July 18–22, 1994. 149–150. pp. 640.
Errico, R. M., Vukicevic, T., 1992: Sensitivity analysis using an adjoint of the PSU-NCAR meso-scale model.Mon. Wea. Rev.,120, 1644–1660.
Eyre, J. R., Kelly, G. A., Mcnally, A. P., Andersson, E., Persson, A., 1993. Assimilation of TOVS radiance information through one-dimensional variational analysis.Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc.,119, 1427–1463.
Hall, M. C. G., Cacuci, D. G., Schlesinger, M. R., 1982: Sensitivity analysis of a radiative-convective model by the adjoint method.J. Atmos. Sci.,39, 2038–2050.
Hall, M. C. G., 1986. Application of adjoint sensitivity theory to an atmospheric general circulation model.J. Atmos. Sci.,43, 2644–2651.
Hoffman, R. N., Louis, J. F., Nehrkorn, T., 1992: A method for implementing adjoint calculations in the discrete case. ECMWF Tech. No. 184.
Jacobowitz, H., Soule, H. V., Kyle, H. L., House, F. B. and the Nimbus 7 ERB experiment team, 1984: The earth radiation budget experiment: An overview.J. Geophys. Res.,89, 5021–5038.
Lacis, A. A., Hansen, J. E., 1974: A parameterization for the absorption solar radiation in the earth's atmosphere.J. Atmos. Sci.,31, 118–133.
Lardner, R. W., AL-Rabeh, A. H., Gunay, N., 1993: Optimal estimation of parameters for a two-dimensional hydrodynamical model of the Arabian Gulf.J. Geophys. Res.,98, 18,229–18,242.
Lardner, R. W., Das, S. K., 1994: Optimal estimation of eddy viscosity for a quasi-three-dimensional numerical tidal and storm surge model.Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids,18, 295–312.
McClatchey, R. A., Fenn, R. W., Selby, J. E. A., Volz, F. E., Garing, J. S., 1971: Optical properties of the atmosphere.Environ. Res. Rap.,354, AFCRL-71-0279.
Navon, I. M., Zou, X., Derber, J., Sela, J., 1992: Variational data assimilation with an adiabatic version of NMC spectral model.Mon. Wea. Rev.,120, 1433–1446.
Oberhuber, J. M., 1988: An atlas based on the “COADS” data set: The budgets of heat, buoyancy and turbulent kinetic energy at the surface of global ocean, Max-Planck-Institute for meteorology, Report No. 15.
Omatu, S., Seinfeld, J. H., 1989:Distributed Parameter Systems. Oxford: Oxford Science Publications, 427pp.
Parrish, D. F., Derber, J. C., 1992: The National Meteorological Center's Spectral statistical interpolation analysis system.Mon. Wea. Rev.,120, 1747–1763.
Rabier, F., Courtier, P., Talagrand, O., 1992: An application of adjoint models to sensitivity analysis.Beitr. Phys. Atmos.,65, 177–192.
Sasamori, T., London, J., Hoyt, D., 1972: Radiation budget of the southern hemisphere.Meteorological Monographs,13, 9–23.
Schlick, T., Fogelson, A., 1992: TNPACK-A truncated Newton minimization package for large-scale problems, I. Algorithms and usage, II. Implementation examples.ACM Trans. Math Software,18, 46–111.
Slingo, J. M., 1980: A cloud parameterization scheme derived from GATE data for use with a numerical model.Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc.,106, 747–770.
Slingo, J. M., 1987: The development and verification of a cloud prediction scheme for the ECMWF.Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc.,113, 899–927.
Smedstad, O. M., O'Brien, J. J., 1991: Variational data assimilation and parameter estimation in the equatorial Pacific Ocean.Prog. Oceanogr.,26, 179–241.
Thepaut, J. N., Moll, P., 1990: Variational inversion of simulated TOVS radiances using the adjoint technique.Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc.,116, 1425–1448.
Vukicevic, T., Errico, R. M., 1993: Linearization and adjoint of parameterized moist diabatic process.Tellus,44A, 273–296.
Wu, W. S., Derber, J. C., 1994: Inclusion of SSM/I precipitable water observations in the NMC spectral statistical interpolation analysis system. in Proc. of the Tenth Conference on Numerical Weather Predication, held in Portland, Oregon, July 18–22, 1994. 190–191. pp. 640.
Zou, J., Holloway, G., 1994. Improving steady-state fit of dynamics to data using adjoint equation with gradient preconditioning.Mon. Wea. Rev. 123/1, 199–211.
Zou, X., Navon, I. M., 1994a: Variational data assimilation: some aspects of theory and applications. InEnvironmental Modeling Vol II: Computer Methods and Software for Simulating Environmental Pollution and its Adverse Effects. Boston: Computational Mechanics Publications, 350pp.
Zou, X., Derber, J. C., Sela, J. G., Navon, I. M., 1994b: Variational data assimilation with physical processes using the NMC spectral model. Presented at the Tenth Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, held in Portland, Oregon, July 18–22, 1994.
Zou, X., Navon, I. M., Sela, J., 1993a: Control of gravitational oscillations in variational data assimilation.Mon. Wea. Rev.,121, 272–289.
Zou, X., Navon, I. M., Sela, J., 1993b: Variational data assimilation with molst threshold processes using the NMC spectral model.Tellus,45A, 370–387.
Zou, X., Navon, I. M., Berger, M., Phua, K. H., Schlick, T., Le Dimet, F. X., 1993c: Numerical experiences with limited-memory quasi-Newton and truncated Newton methods.Siam J. Optimization,3, 582–608.
Zou, X., Navon, I. M., Barcilon, A., Whittaker, J., Cacuci, D. 1993d: An adjoint sensitivity study of blocking in a two-layer isentropic model.Mon. Wea. Rev.,121, 2833–2857.
Zou, X., Navon, I. M., Le-Dimet, F. X., 1992: An optimal nudging data assimilation using parameter estimation.Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc.,118, 1163–1186.
Zupanski, D., 1993: The effects of discontinuities in the Betts-Miller cumulus convection scheme on four-dimensional data assimilation,Tellus,45A, 511–524.
Yu, L., O'Brien, J. J., 1991. Variational estimation of the wind stress drag coefficient and oceanic eddy viscosity profile.J. Phys. Oceanogr.,21, 709–719.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
With 5 Figures
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zou, J., Navon, I.M. The linearization and adjoint of radiation transfer processes in the NMC spectral model part I: Solar radiative transfer. Meteorl. Atmos. Phys. 58, 193–203 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01027565
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01027565