Skip to main content
Log in

Interannual variability of the 30–50 day activity in the Indian summer monsoon

Jahr-zu-Jahr-Schwankung in der 30–50tägigen Aktivphase des indischen Sommermonsuns

  • Published:
Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

In order to study the interannual variability of the 30–50 day activity in the southwest monsoon, time series at seven levels over India were formed using the NMC global analysis for four summers (1977–1980). After 30–50 day bandpass filtering, graphs of zonal wind, relative vorticity and divergence were plotted. Vertical structure of the activity is complex between 100 kPa and 10 kPa. Activity at 85 kPa moved northward, steadily in the summer of 1979 but less so in the other three summers. At 20 kPa, propagation was northward in the summer of 1979 but southward in the summers of 1977 and 1980. Meridional propagation was not clear at 20 kPa during the summer of 1978.

Monsoon onset and breaks are highly correlated with 30–50 day cyclonic and anticyclonic activity, respectively. In addition, about 90% of the depressions in the summers of 1977 and 1979, and about 70% of the depressions in the summers of 1978 and 1980 formed within regions of cyclonic vorticity on the 30–50 day time scale. Rotational circulations are much stronger than divergent circulations on this time scale in the NMC global analyses.

Zusammenfassung

Zum Studium der Schwankung der 30–50tägigen Aktivphase des indischen Sommermonsuns wurden Zeitreihen von sieben Niveaus aus vier Sommern (1977–1980) der globalen NMC-Analyse herangezogen. Nach einer dem Zeitintervall von 30–50 Tagen entspiechenden Filterung wurden der zonale Wind, die relative Vorticity und die Divergenz dargestellt. Die Vertikalstruktur ist zwischen 100 kPa und 10 kPa komplex. Die aktive Zone in 85 kPa bewegte sich im Sommer 1979 stetig nach Norden, weniger in den anderen Jahren. in 20 kPa 1979 nordwärts, dagegen südwärts 1977 und 1980. 1978 war die Bewegung nicht eindeutig.

Beginn und Ende des Monsuns sind stark mit 30–50 tägigen zyklonalen bzw. antizyklonalen Aktivitäten verbunden. Außerdem bildeten sich etwa 90% aller Depressionen der Sommer 1977 und 1979, sowie 70% der Sommer 1978 und 1980 in Regionen mit zyklonaler Vorticity im Zeitscale von 30–50 Tagen. Rotationszirkulationen sind in diesem Zeitscale in der NMC-Analyse viel stärker als divergente Zirkulationen.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bergman K (1979) Multivariate analysis of temperatures and winds using optimum interpolation. Mon Wea Rev 107: 1423–1444

    Google Scholar 

  • Bloomfield P (1976) Fourier analysis of time series: an introduction. John Wiley & Sons

  • Chen TC, Ming-chen Yen (1985) The 40–50 day oscillation of the low-level monsoon circulation over the Indian Ocean. Submitted to Mon Wea Rev

  • Julian PR, Madden RA (1981) Comment on a paper by Yasunari, a quasi-stationary appearance of 30–40 day period in the cloudiness fluctuations during the summer monsoon over India. J Met Soc Japan 59: 435–437

    Google Scholar 

  • Krishnamurti TN, Subrahmanyam D (1982) The 30–50 day mode at 850 mb during MONEX. J Atmos Sci 39: 2088–2095

    Google Scholar 

  • Krishnamurti TN, Cocke S, Pasch R, Low-Nam S (1983) Precipitation estimates from raingauge and satellite observations summer MONEX. FSU Report no 83-7

  • Krishnamurti TN (1985) Summer monsoon experiment—a review. Mon Wea Rev 113: 1590–1626

    Google Scholar 

  • Madden RA, Julian PR (1971) Detection of a 40–50 day oscillation in the zonal wind in the tropical Pacific. J Atmos Sci 28: 702–708

    Google Scholar 

  • Madden RA, Julian PR (1972) Description of global scale circulation cells in the tropics with a 40–50 day period. J Atmos Sci 29: 1109–1123

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee AK, Ramakrishnan AR, Jambunathan R (1981) Cyclones and depressions over the Indian seas in 1979. Mausam 32: 115–126

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee AK (1982) Cyclones and depressions over the Indian seas in 1980. Mausam 33: 3–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Murakami T (1976) Cloudiness fluctuations during the summer monsoon. J Met Soc Japan 54: 175–181

    Google Scholar 

  • Pant PS, Ramakrishnan AR, Jambunathan R (1980) Cyclones and depressions over the Indian seas in 1977. Mausam 31: 337–356

    Google Scholar 

  • Sikka DR, Gadgil S (1980) On the maximum cloud zone and the ITCZ over Indian longitudes during the southwest monsoon. Mon Wea Rev 108: 1840–1853

    Google Scholar 

  • Srinivasan V, Ramakrishnan AR, Jambunathan R (1980) Cyclones and depressions over the Indian seas in 1978. Mausam 31: 495–506

    Google Scholar 

  • Yasunari T (1979) Cloudiness fluctuations associated with the Northern Hemisphere summer monsoon. J Met Soc Japan 57: 227–242

    Google Scholar 

  • Yasunari T (1980) A quasi-stationary appearance of 30–40 day period in the cloudiness fluctuations during the summer monsoon over India. J Met Soc Japan 58: 225–229

    Google Scholar 

  • Yasunari T (1981) Structure of an Indian summer monsoon system with aroud 40-day period. J Met Soc Japan 53: 336–354

    Google Scholar 

  • Yasunari T (1984) Seasonal and interannual variations of the 30–50 day mode in the zonal mean westerly flow. Report of the seminar on progress in tropical meteorology as a result of the global weather experiment, GARP Special Report no 44, Tallahassee USA, October 1984

  • Young JA, Virji H, Wylie DP, Lo C (1980) Summer monsoon windsets from geostationary satellite data: summer MONEX. May 1–July 31 1979, NSF Report, Space Science and Engineering Center and Dept of Meteorology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

With 7 Figures

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mehta, V.M., Ahlquist, J.E. Interannual variability of the 30–50 day activity in the Indian summer monsoon. Meteorl. Atmos. Phys. 35, 166–176 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01026172

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01026172

Keywords

Navigation