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Vergleichende Karyologie der Gräser-SubtribenAristaveninae undAirinae (Poaceae — Aveneae)

Comparative karyology of the grass subtribesAristaveninae andAirinae (Poaceae — Aveneae)

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Abstract

The chromosome numbers of nearly all species of the grass subtribesAristaveninae andAirinae from Europe and northern Africa are presented. Among theAristaveninae the genusAristavena has 2n = 14 chromosomes, whereasDeschampsia forms a polyploid series with the basic number x = 13. In the subtribeAirinae the basic number x = 7 predominates.Avenella includes a polyploid series up to dekaploidy, whilst the lowest diploid value so far known in grasses — caused by descending dysploidy — exists in the annual generaAiropsis andPeriballia with 2n = 8.

From both subtribes 12 different karyotypes are described and depicted as idiograms. The basic karyotypes ofCorynephorus, Periballia andVahlodea differ from each other by different chromosome length. SAT-chromosomes in theAirinae vary somewhat. Some marker chromosomes eludicate phylogenetic relationships. Amphiplasty appears in various genera and was studied particularly in the amphidiploidAira caryophyllea. Karyological and genomatic trends are considered in relation to evolutionary strategies of annuals and perennials.

The nuclear DNA content of some species has been determined cytophotometrically. In subtribeAirinae a positive correlation exists between chromosome volume, pollen diameter, and DNA content. A comparison of the duration of microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis in annual and perennial species with their nuclear DNA content has shown that a primary nucleotypic influence is not recognizable.

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  1. Botanisches Institut, Universität Kiel, Biologiezentrum, Olshausenstraße 40-60, D-2300, Kiel, Bundesrepublik Deutschland

    Focke Albers

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Albers, F. Vergleichende Karyologie der Gräser-SubtribenAristaveninae undAirinae (Poaceae — Aveneae). Pl Syst Evol 136, 137–167 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01004624

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