Zusammenfassung
Eine therapeutisch effektive Granulozytentransfusion erfordert mehr als 1010 funktionstüchtige Granulozyten. Diese Zellmenge kann durch zwei Methoden, denen verschiedene Prinzipien zugrunde liegen, von gesunden Spendern gewonnen werden: Durch die Continuous Flow Centrifugation (CFC) und die Filtrations-Leukapherese (FL). Es zeigte sich, daß beide Verfahren unter bestimmten Bedingungen innerhalb von 4 Stunden 2,5 bis 3×1010 therapeutisch gleichwertige Granulozyten zu liefern vermögen, wobei die Kosten der CFC-Granulozyten etwa doppelt so hoch liegen wie die der FL-Granulozyten. Die beste Granulozytenausbeute wurde nach Induktion einer Leukozytose im Spenderblut mit einer 16stündigen Dexamethason-Prämedikation erzielt. Die erhöhte Rate von Nebenwirkungen, wie sie der Transfusion von FL-Granulozyten zugeschrieben wird, ließ sich durch Anwendung der repetitiven Filtrations-Elutions-Leukapherese auf das Niveau der CFC-Granulozyten senken. Die Arbeit definiert außerdem das Leistungsspektrum der CFC, das außer der Granulozytenseparation auch die Gewinnung von Thrombozyten, von Zellen zur Immuntherapie und die Plasmapherese umfaßt.
Summary
More than 1010 viable granulocytes are necessary for a therapeutical effective granulocyte transfusion. This number of cells can be harvested from normal donors by two techniques basing on different principles: continuous flow centrifugation (CFC) and filtration leucapheresis (FL). Our studies demonstrated that, under certain special conditions, the separation potentials of both methods are comparable yielding 2.5 to 3.0×1010 granulocytes within 4 hrs. Granulocyte collection rate was optimal if donors were treated with dexamethasone during 16 hrs prior to the start of the procedure. However, the costs of CFC exceed those of FL by a factor of about two. The increased occurrence of side effects attributed to the transfusion of FL-granulocytes can be reduced to the level of CFC-granulocytes by repetitive filtration-elution leucapheresis minimizing cell damage. The studies define the efficiency spectrum of CFC which in addition to granulocyte separation includes collection of thrombocytes, cells for immunotherapy, and plasmapheresis.
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Unterstützt durch den Schweizerischen Nationalfonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Projekt-Nr. 3.9200.72.
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Meuret, G., Fopp, M., de Fliedner, V. et al. Granulozytengewinnung zur Granulozytentransfusion durch Continuous Flow Centrifugation oder Filtrations-Leukapherese. Blut 32, 79–85 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00995935
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00995935