Abstract
Seeds of 39 species representing all native genera and sections of New WorldAntirrhineae were examined with the Scanning Electron Microscope and Light Microscope. Based on seed shape and surface ornamentation, seven morphological categories are recognized: cristate, tetracostate, foveolate, tumid tuberculate/cristate, circumalate, medusiform, and a miscellaneous category. Most sections and/or generic categories can be characterized by a single morphological type, althoughMaurandya s.l. has several distinctive seed types included within present generic boundaries. The cristate seed type is believed to be the “primitive type” from which the medusiform and tumid tuberculate/cristate types have developed. The tumid tuberculate/cristate type presumably gave rise to the circumalate, tetracostate, and foveolate patterns. The miscellaneous category (represented byLinaria andKickxia) may be phyletically remote from the other New World types. Seeds of the New WorldAntirrhineae mostly seem to be adapted for water dispersal although some adaptations for wind dispersal (e.g. wings, light weight) are evident. Free-hand sections and seed coat clearings indicate that circumalate seeds are of two different anatomical patterns; such structural diversity may be found in the other seed types.
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Contribution No. 82-120j from the Division of Biology and the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. This work was supported by NSF Predoctoral Improvement Grant No. DEB 8008151 and by grants from Sigma Xi and the California Native Plant Society, all to the senior author.
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Elisens, W.J., Tomb, A.S. Seed morphology in New WorldAntirrhineae (Scrophulariaceae): Systematic and phylogenetic implications. Pl Syst Evol 142, 23–47 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00989601
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00989601