Abstract
The flagellar root system of zoospores in two species ofChlorosarcinopsis (C. minuta andC. spec.) has been studied in detail. The biflagellate zoospores show a cruciate root system, two of the four microtubular roots containing two microtubules, the other two four microtubules. The flagellar apparatus is otherwise identical with that ofChlamydomonas reinhardi as described byRingo (1967). Evidence is presented that the genusChlamydomonas is characterized by a bilateral symmetric root system (4-2-4-2) rather than a system with four equally numbered roots (i.e. 4-4-4-4). It is suggested that a root system with four identical cruciate roots is not present in any biflagellate algal cell. The taxonomic significance of cruciate root systems in green algae is discussed refering to the identical root systems ofChlorosarcinopsis andChlamydomonas.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Birkbeck, T. E., Jr., 1976: Variation of the flagellar apparatuses within the genusChlamydomonas. J. Phycol.12, Suppl. 24.
Brown, D. L., Massalski, A., Patenaude, R., 1976: Organization of the flagellar apparatus and associated cytoplasmic microtubules in the quadriflagellate algaPolytomella agilis. J. Cell Biol.69, 106–125.
Cavalier-Smith, T., 1974: Basal body and flagellar development during the vegetative cell cycle and the sexual cycle ofChlamydomonas reinhardii. J. Cell Sci.16, 529–556.
Ettl, H., 1976: Die GattungChlamydomonas Ehrenberg. Beih. Nova Hedwigia49, 1–1112.
Eyden, B. P., 1975: Light and electron microscope study ofDunaliella primolecta Butcher (Volvocida). J. Protozool.22, 336–344.
Friedmann, I., Colwin, A. L., Colwin, L. H., 1968: Fine structural aspects of fertilization inChlamydomonas reinhardi. J. Cell Sci.3, 115–128.
Goodenough, U. W., St. Clair, H. S., 1975: Bald-2: A mutation affecting the formation of doublet and triplet sets of microtubules inChlamydomonas reinhardtii. J. Cell Biol.66, 480–491.
Gould, R. R., 1975: The basal bodies ofChlamydomonas reinhardtii. J. Cell Biol.65, 65–74.
Groover, R. D., Bold, H. C., 1969: Phycological Studies VIII. The taxonomy and comparative physiology of theChlorosarcinales and certain other edaphic algae. Univ. Texas Publ. No.6907, 1–165.
Hyams, J., Chasey, D., 1974: Aspects of the flagellar apparatus and associated microtubules in a marine alga. Exp. Cell Res.84, 381–387.
Johnson, U. G., Porter, K. R., 1968: Fine structure of cell division inChlamydomonas reinhardi. Basal bodies and microtubules. J. Cell Biol.38, 403–425
Lembi, C. A., 1975: The fine structure of the flagellar apparatus ofCarteria. J. Phycol.11, 1–9.
—, 1969: Interconnections between cytoplasmic microtubules and basal bodies of tetrasporalean pseudocilia. J. Phycol.5, 202–205.
Melkonian, M., 1975: The fine structure of the zoospores ofFritschiella tuberosa Iyeng. (Chaetophorineae, Chlorophyceae) with special reference to the flagellar apparatus. Protoplasma86, 391–404.
Moestrup, Ø., 1972: Observations on the fine structure of spermatozoids and vegetative cells of the green algaGolenkinia. Br. Phycol. J.7, 169–183.
—, 1974: An ultrastructural study of the flagellatePyramimonas orientalis with particular emphasis on Golgi apparatus activity and the flagellar apparatus. Protoplasma81, 247–269.
Moestrup, Ø., Hoffmann, L. R., 1975: A study of the spermatozoids ofDichotomosiphon tuberosus (Chlorophyceae). J. Phycol.11, 225–235.
Olson, L. W., Kochert, G., 1970: Ultrastructure ofVolvox carteri. II. The kinetosome. Arch. Mikrobiol.74, 31–40.
Pickett-Heaps, J. D., 1975: Green Algae. Structure, reproduction and evolution in selected genera. Sunderland, Mass.: Sinauer Associates.
Ringo, D. L., 1967: Flagellar motion and fine structure of the flagellar apparatus inChlamydomonas. J. Cell Biol.33, 543–571.
Schnepf, E., Deichgräber, G., Ettl, H., 1976:Gloeomonas oderChlamydomonas? Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen anGloeomonas simulans. Plant Syst. Evol.125, 109–121.
Stearns, M. E., Conolly, J. A., Brown, D. L., 1976: Cytoplasmic microtubule organizing centers isolated fromPolytomella agilis. Science (Wash.)191, 188–191.
Stewart, K. D., Mattox, K. R., 1975: Comparative cytology, evolution and classification of the green algae with some consideration of the origin of other organisms with chlorophylls a and b. Bot. Rev.41, 104–135.
Wiedeman, V. E., Walne, P. L., Trainor, F. R., 1964: A new technique for obtaining axenic cultures of algae. Can. J. Bot.42, 959.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Melkonian, M. The flagellar root system of zoospores of the green algaChlorosarcinopsis (Chlorosarcinales) as compared withChlamydomonas (Volvocales). Pl Syst Evol 128, 79–88 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00985173
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00985173