Abstract
Interspecific hybridization among Hawaiian species ofCyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) was investigated using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Thirty-three different primers were used to investigate interspecific hybridization for 17 different putative hybrids based on morphological intermediacy and sympatry with putative parental species. RAPD data provided evidence for the hybrid origin of all putative hybrid taxa examined in this analysis. However, the patterns in the hybrid taxa were not found to be completely additive of the patterns found in the parental species. Markers missing in the hybrid taxa can be attributed to polymorphism in the populations of the parental species and the dominant nature of inheritance for RAPD markers. Unique markers found within hybrid taxa require further explanation but do not necessarily indicate that the taxa are not of hybrid origin. The implications suggest that these interspecific hybridization events had, and continue to have, an effect on the adaptive radiation and conservation biology ofCyrtandra.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abbott, R. J., 1992: Plant invasions, interspecific hybridization and the evolution of new plant taxa. — Trends Ecol. Evol.7: 401–405.
Adams, R. P., Turner, B. L., 1970: Natural populations ofJuniperus ashei Buch. — Taxon19: 728–751.
Anderson, E., 1949: Introgressive hybridization. — New York: Wiley.
—, 1938: The evidence for introgressive hybridization. — Amer. J. Bot.25: 396–402.
—, 1954: Hybridization as an evolutionary stimulus. — Evolution8: 378–389.
Arnold, M. L., 1993:Iris nelsonii (Iridaceae): origin and genetic composition of a homoploid hybrid species. — Amer. J. Bot.80: 577–591.
—, 1990: Natural hybridization betweenIris fulva andI. hexagona: pattern of ribosomal DNA variation. — Evolution44: 1512–1521.
—, 1991: Pollen-mediated introgression and hybrid speciation in Louisiana irises. — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA88: 1398–1402.
Baker, H. G., 1951: Hybridization and natural gene-flow between higher plants. — Biol. Rev.26: 302–337.
Baldwin, B. G., 1992: Phylogenetic utility of the transcribed spacers of nuclear ribosomal DNA in plants: an example from theCompositae. — Molec. Phylogen. Evol.1: 3–16.
—, 1993: Molecular phylogenetics ofCalycadenia (Compositae) based on ITS sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA: chromosomal and morphological evolution reexamined. — Amer. J. Bot.80: 222–238.
Brauner, S., Crawford, D. J., Stuessy, T. F., 1992: Ribosomal DNA and RAPD variation in the rare plant familyLactoridaceae. — Amer. J. Bot.79: 1436–1439.
Byrne, R., Morley, B., 1976: Hybridization studies inColumnea L. (Gesneriaceae). 2. TheC. querceti complex. — Bot. J. Linn. Soc.72: 199–210.
Crawford, D. J., Ornduff, R., 1989: Enzyme electrophoresis and evolutionary relationships among three species ofLasthenia (Asteraceae: Heliantheae). — Amer. J. Bot.76: 289–296.
—, 1993: Use of RAPD markers to document the origin of the intergeneric hybrid ×Marcgyraceaena skottsbergii (Rosaceae) on the Juan Fernandez Islands. — Amer. J. Bot.80: 89–92.
Cruzan, M. B., Arnold, M. L., 1993: Ecological and genetic associations in anIris hybrid zone. — Evolution47: 1432–1445.
Dickson, E. E., Weeden, N. F., 1991: Isozymes in North AmericanMalus (Rosaceae): hybridization and species differentiation. — Syst. Bot.16: 363–375.
Doebley, J., 1989: Molecular evidence for a missing wild relative of maize and the introgression of its chloroplast genome intoZea perennis. — Evolution43: 1555–1559.
Doyle, J. J., Doyle, J. L., 1988: Natural interspecific hybridization in eastern North AmericanClaytonia. — Amer. J. Bot.75: 1239–1246.
—, 1985: An intergeneric hybrid in theSaxifragaceae: evidence from RNA genes. — Amer. J. Bot.72: 1388–1391.
Flake, R. H., von Rudloff, E., Turner, B. L., 1969: Quantitative study of clinal variation inJuniperus virginiana using terpenoid data. — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA64: 487–494.
Fritsch, P., Rieseberg, L. H., 1992: High outcrossing rates maintain male and hermaphrodite individuals in populations of the flowering plantDatisca glomerata. — Nature359: 633–636.
Gallez, G. P., Gottlieb, L. D., 1982: Genetic evidence for the hybrid origin of the diploid plantsStephanomeria diegensis. — Evolution36: 1158–1167.
Gillett, G., 1972: The role of hybridization in the evolution of the Hawaiian flora. — InValentine, D. H., (Ed.): Taxonomy, phytogeography, and evolution, pp. 205–219. — London: Academic Press.
Givnish, T. J., Sytsma, K. J., Smith, J. F., Hahn, W. J., 1994: Thorn-like prickles and heterophylly inCyanea: adaptations to extinct avian browsers on Hawaii? — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA91: 2810–2814.
Hadrys, H., Balick, M., Schierwater, B., 1992: Applications of random polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. — Molec. Ecol.1: 55–63.
Heiser, C. B., 1949: Study in the evolution of the sunflower speciesHelianthus annuus andH. bolanderi. — Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot.23: 157–196.
—, 1965: Sunflowers, weeds and cultivated plants. — InBaker, H. G., Stebbins, G. L., (Eds): The genetics of colonizing species, pp. 391–401. — New York: Academic Press.
—, 1973: Introgression re-examined. — Bot. Rev.39: 347–366.
Kim, K.-J., Jansen, R. K., 1994: Comparisons of phylogenetic hypotheses among different data sets in dwarf dandelions (Krigia, Asteraceae): additional information from internal transcribed spacer sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA. — Pl. Syst. Evol.190: 157–185.
Leberg, P. L., 1993: Strategies for population reintroduction: effects of genetic variability on population growth and size. — Cons. Biol.7: 194–199.
Levin, D. A., 1966: Chromatographic evidence of hybridization and evolution inPhlox maculata. — Amer. J. Bot.53: 238–245.
Lewontin, R. C., Birch, L. C., 1966: Hybridization as a source of variation for adaptation to new environments. — Evolution20: 315–336.
Liston, A., 1992: Variation in the chloroplast genesrpoCl andrpoC2 of the genusAstragalus (Fabaceae): evidence from restriction site mapping of a PCR-amplified fragment. — Amer. J. Bot.79: 953–961.
—, 1990: Ribosomal DNA evidence for hybridization between island endemic species ofLotus. — Bioch. Syst. Ecol.18: 239–244.
Luegmayr, E., 1993: Pollen of HawaiianCyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) including notes on southeast Asian taxa. — Blumea38: 25–38.
Marsolais, J. V., Pringle, J. S., White, B. N., 1993: Assessment of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) as genetic markers for determining the origin of interspecific lilac hybrids. — Taxon42: 531–537.
McCoy, T. J., Echt, C. S., 1993: Potential of trispecies bridge crosses and random amplified polymorphic DNA markers for introgression ofMedicago daghestanica andM. pironae germplasm into alfalfa (M. sativa). — Genome36: 594–601.
McDade, L. A., 1992: Hybrids and phylogenetic systematics II. The impact of hybrids on cladistic analysis. — Evolution46: 1329–1346.
McHale, J., Alston, R. E., 1964: Utilization of chemical patterns in the analysis of hybridization betweenBaptisia leucantha andB. sphaerocarpa. — Evolution18: 304–311.
Novak, S. J., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., 1991: Ownbey'sTragopogon: 40 years later. — Amer. J. Bot.78: 1586–1600.
Pipkin, S. B., 1972: Introgression between closely related species ofDrosophila in Panama. — Evolution22: 140–156.
Price, M. V., Waser, N. M., 1979: Pollen dispersal and optimal outcrossing inDelphinium nelsoni. — Nature227: 294–297.
Rieseberg, L. H., 1991: Hybridization in rare plants: insights from case studies inHelianthus andCercocarpus. — InFalk, D. A., Hosinger, K. E., (Eds): Conservation of rare plants: biology and genetics, pp. 171–181. — Oxford: Oxford University Press.
—, 1992: Molecular evidence and plant introgression. — InSoltis, P. S., Soltis, D. E., Doyle, J. J., (Eds): Molecular systematics of plants, pp. 151–176. — New York: Chapman & Hall.
—, 1993: What can molecular and morphological markers tell us about plant hybridization? — Crit. Rev. Pl. Sci.12: 213–241.
—, 1995: Hybridization in the Catalina Island Mountain Mahogany (Cercarpus traskiae): RAPD evidence. — Cons. Biol.9: 199–203.
—, 1988: A molecular re-examination of introgression betweenHelianthus annuus andH. bolanderi. — Evolution42: 227–238.
—, 1989: Hybridization in the island endemic, Catalina Mahogany. — Cons. Biol.3: 52–58.
—, 1990a:Helianthus annuus ssp.texanus has chloroplast DNA and nuclear ribosomal RNA genes ofHelianthus debilis ssp.cucumerifolius. — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA87: 593–597.
—, 1990b: Molecular tests of the hypothesized hybrid origin of two diploidHelianthus species. — Evolution44: 1498–1511.
—, 1992: Androdioecy is derived from dioecy inDatiscaceae: evidence from restriction site mapping of PCR-amplified chloroplast DNA fragments. — Syst. Bot.17: 324–336.
Roelefs, R. M., 1979 [1980]: The reproductive biology ofCyrtandra grandiflora (Gesneriaceae) on Oahu. — Pacific Sci.33: 223–231.
Savolainen, V., Manen, J. F., Douzery, E., Spichiger, R., 1994: Molecular phylogeny of families related toCelastrales based onrbcL 5′ flanking sequences. — Molec. Phylogen. Evol.3: 27–37.
Smith, J. F., Sytsma, K. J., Shoemaker, J. S., Smith, R. L., 1992: A qualitative comparison of total cellular DNA extraction protocols. — Phytochem. Bull.23: 2–9.
Smith, R. L., Sytsma, K. J., 1990: Evolution ofPopulus nigra L. (sect.Aigeros): introgressive hybridization and the chloroplast contribution ofPopulus alba L. (sect.Populus). — Amer. J. Bot.77: 1176–1187.
Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., Milligan, B. G., 1992: Intraspecific chloroplast DNA variation: systematic and phylogenetic implications. — InSoltis, P. S., Soltis, D. E., Doyle, J. J., (Eds): Molecular systematics of plants, pp. 117–150. — New York: Chapman & Hall.
Spooner, D. M., Sytsma, K. J., Smith, J. F., 1991: A molecular reexamination of diploid hybrid speciation ofSolanum raphanifolium. — Evolution45: 757–764.
Sytsma, K. J., 1990: DNA and morphology: inference of plant phylogeny. — Trends Ecol. Evol.5: 105–110.
Stebbins, G. L., 1950: Variation and evolution in plants. — New York: Columbia University Press.
Taberlet, P., Gielly, L., Pautou, G., Bouvet, J., 1991: Universal primers for amplification of three non-coding regions of chloroplast DNA. — Pl. Molec. Biol.17: 1105–1109.
Templeton, A. R., 1986: Coadaptation and outbreeding depression. — InSoulé, M. E., (Ed.): Conservation biology, pp. 105–115. — Sunderland, Mass.: Sinauer.
Van Buren, R., Harper, K. T., Andersen, W. R., Stanton, D. J., Seyoum, S., England, J. L., 1994: Evaluating the relationship of autumn buttercup (Ranunculus acriformis var.aestivalis) to some close congeners using random amplified polymorphic DNA. — Amer. J. Bot.81: 514–519.
Wagner, W. L., Herbst, D. R., Sohmer, S. H., 1990: Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. — Honolulu, HI: Bishop Museum Press.
Werth, C. R., 1991: Isozyme studies on theDryopteris “spinulosa” complex, I: the origin of the log fernDryopteris celsa. — Syst. Bot.16: 446–461.
Whitham, T. G., 1989: Plant hybrid zones as sinks for pests. — Science244: 1490–1493.
Williams, J. G. K., Kubelik, A. R., Livak, K. J., Rafalski, J. A., Tingey, S. V., 1990: DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. — Nucleic Acids Res.18: 6531–6535.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Smith, J.F., Burke, C.C. & Wagner, W.L. Interspecific hybridization in natural populations ofCyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) on the Hawaiian Islands: Evidence from RAPD markers. Pl Syst Evol 200, 61–77 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00984748
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00984748