Abstract
The approach tested in this work consists in adapting the Pitzer model, initially designed for aqueous solutions of electrolytes, to the case of solutions with a mixed solvent, without systematically readjusting the coefficients. This modified model was applied successfully to the calculation of the mean activity coefficients of NaBr in the mixed solvent H2O+MeOH, H2O+EtOH and compared with the experimental values obtained from electrode potential measurements.
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Abbreviations
- D :
-
dielectric constant
- G ex :
-
excess Gibbs energy
- I :
-
ionic strength
- k :
-
Boltzman's constant
- m i :
-
molality
- N o :
-
Avogadro's number
- n w :
-
number of kilograms of water
- R :
-
gas constant
- T :
-
temperature (K)
- T c :
-
critical temperature
- T cm :
-
critical temperature of mixed solvent
- x i :
-
molar fraction
- z i :
-
ionic charge
- ε:
-
electronic charge
- ϕ:
-
osmotic coefficient
- γ±:
-
mean activity coefficient of electrolyte
- ν:
-
number of moles of ions given by one mole of electrolyte
- νM :
-
number of moles of cations given by one mole of electrolyte
- νX :
-
number of moles of anions given by one mole of electrolyte
- ρW :
-
density of water
- A :
-
Debye-Hückel parameter
- a :
-
distance of closest approach of ions in solution
- B :
-
Debye-Hückel parameter
- b :
-
numerical parameter of model
- α:
-
numerical parameter of model
- α1, α2 :
-
numerical parameters of model, used in the case of 2:2 electrolyte
- β (0)MX :
-
numerical parameter of electrolyte MX
- β (1)MX :
-
numerical parameter of electrolyte MX
- β (2)MX :
-
numerical parameter of 2:2 electrolyte MX
- C φMX :
-
numerical parameter of electrolyte MX
- λ:
-
binary interaction parameter
- μ:
-
ternary interaction parameter
References
S. Han and H. Pan,Fluid Phase Equilibria 83, 261 (1993).
F. Montel,Fluid Phase Equilibria 84, 343 (1993).
K. S. Pitzer,J. Phys. Chem. 77, 268 (1973).
K. S. Pitzer and G. Mayorga,J. Phys. Chem. 77, 2300 (1973).
K. S. Pitzer and G. Mayorga,J. Solution Chem. 3, 539 (1974).
S. Ye, B. Lagourette, H. St. Guirons, P. Xans, and H. Zhou, Solubility of Gases (CO2, CH4) in Aqueous Saline Solutions, 13th European Seminar on Applied Thermodynamics (Carry le Rouet, France, June 1993).
K. S. Pitzer,Activity Coefficients in Electrolyte Solutions, 2nd edn. (CRC Press, 1991).
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Ye, S., Xans, P. & Lagourette, B. Modification of the Pitzer model to calculate the mean activity coefficients of electrolytes in a water-alcohol mixed solvent solution. J Solution Chem 23, 1301–1315 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00974183
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00974183