Abstract
Two regions of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) were sequenced from a range of species from the tribeTriticeae. One region, the central spacer, was found to be more divergent in sequence than the other, the 18 S-spacer junction. Both regions contained sequences 20–30 bp long which were more highly conserved than the remainder of the region and their possible significance in rDNA expression is discussed. Phenetic relationships based on the sequence data were generally consistent with the relationships based on other criteria. Species possessing the S, E, J1J2, D, and B genomes clustered together, with the H genome species being the most distinct of those examined. The R, P, and V genome species occupy an intermediate position in the overall pattern of relationships. Some relationships differed in detail from those established by other parameters, for example the position of the N genome species, and explanations for discrepancies of this type are discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Appels, R., Dvorak, J., 1982: The wheat ribosomal DNA spacer region: its structure and variation in populations and among species. — Theor. Appl. Genet.63: 337–348.
—,McIntyre, C. L., Clarke, B. C., May, C. E., 1986a: Alien chromatin in wheat: ribosomal DNA spacer probes for detecting specific nucleolar organizer region loci introduced into wheat. — Canad. J. Genet. Cytol.28: 665–672.
—,Moran, L. B., Gustafson, J. P., 1986b: The structure of DNA from the rye (Secale cereale)Nor R 1 locus and its behaviour in wheat backgrounds. — Canad. J. Genet. Cytol.28: 673–685.
Arnheim, N., 1983: Concerted evolution in multigene families. — InKoehn, R., Nei, M., (Eds.): Evolution of genes and proteins, pp. 38–61. — Sunderland, Mass.: Sinauer Associates Inc.
Bach, R., Allet, B., Crippa, M., 1981: Sequence organization of the spacer in the ribosomal genes ofXenopus clivii andXenopus borealis. — Nucleic Acids Res.9: 5311–5320.
Brettell, R. I. S., Pallotta, M. A., Gustafson, J. P., Appels, R., 1986: Variation at theNOR loci in triticale derived from tissue culture. — Theor Appl. Genet.71: 637–643.
Brown, D. D., Wensink, P. C., Jordan, E., 1972: A comparison of the ribosomal DNA's ofXenopus laevis andXenopus mulleri: the evolution of tandem genes. — J. Mol. Biol.63: 57–73.
Feldman, M., Sears, E. R., 1981: The wild gene resources of wheat. — Scientific American244: 102–112.
Flavell, R. B., O'Dell, M., Sharp, P., Nevo, E., Beiles, A., 1986: Variation in the intergenic spacer of ribosomal DNA of wild wheat,Triticum dicoccoides, in Israel. — Mol. Biol. Evol.3: 547–558.
Gerlach, W. L., Dyer, T. A., 1980: Sequence organization of the repeating units in the nucleus of wheat which contain 5 S rRNA genes. — Nucleic Acids Res.8: 4851–4865.
Gill, B. S., Appels, R., 1988: Relationships betweenNor-loci from differentTriticeae species. — Pl. Syst. Evol.160: 77–89.
—,Morris, K. L. D., Appels, R., 1988: Assignment of the genomic affinities of chromosomes from polyploidElymus species added to wheat. — Genome30: 70–82.
Grummt, I., Roth, E., Paule, M. R., 1982: Ribosomal RNA transcription in vitro is species-specific. — Nature296: 173–174.
Lassner, M., Dvorak, J., 1986: Preferential homogenization between adjacent and alternate subrepeats in wheat rDNA. — Nucleic Acids Res.14: 5499–5512.
—,Anderson, O., Dvorak, J., 1987: Inferences on intergenomic homogenization based on the molecular structure of a cloned ribosomal RNA gene from the D-genome of bread wheat. — Genome29: 770–781.
McIntyre, C. L., 1988: Variation at isozyme loci inTriticeae. — Pl. Syst. Evol.160: 123–142.
McMullen, M. D., Hunter, B., Phillips, R. L., Rubenstein, I., 1986: The structure of the maize ribosomal RNA spacer region. — Nucleic Acids Res.14: 4953–4968.
May, C. E., Appels, R., 1987: Variability and genetics of spacer DNA sequences between the ribosomal-RNA genes of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum). — Theor. Appl. Gen.74: 617–624.
Messing, J., Crea, R., Seeburg, P. H., 1981: A system for shotgun DNA sequencing. — Nucleic Acids Res.9: 309–321.
Mishima, Y., Financsek, I., Kominami, R., Muramatsu, M., 1982: Fractionation and reconstitution of factors required for accurate transcription of mammalian ribosomal RNA genes: identification of a species-dependent initiation factor. — Nucleic Acids Res.10: 6659–6670.
Reeder, R. H., Roan, J. G., Dunaway, M., 1983: Spacer regulation ofXenopus ribosomal gene transcription: competition in oocytes. — Cell35: 440–456.
Sanger, F., Nicklen, S., Coulson, A. R., 1977: DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., U.S.A.74: 5463–5467.
Scoles, G. J., Gill, B. S., Xin, Z.-Y., Clarke, B. C., McIntyre, C. L., Chapman, C., Appels, R., 1988: Frequent duplication and deletion events in the 5 S RNA genes and the associated spacer regions of theTriticeae. — Pl. Syst. Evol.160: 105–122.
Simeone, A., la Volpe, A., Boncinelli, E., 1985: Nucleotide sequence of a complete ribosomal spacer ofD. melanogaster. — Nucleic Acids Res.13: 1089–1101.
Smith, D. K., 1987: Concept and use of software for pair-wise and multiple genetic sequence alignment. — Technical Report No.11: Canberrra, CAE, ACT, Australia.
Snape, J. W., Flavell, R. B., O'Dell, M., Hughes, W. G., Payne, P. I., 1984: Intrachromosomal mapping of the nucleolar organizer region relative to three marker loci on chromosome 1 B of wheat (Triticum aestivum). — Theor. Appl. Genet.69: 263–270.
Toloczyki, C., Feix, G., 1986: Occurrence of 9 homologous repeat units in the external spacer region of a nuclear maize rDNA gene unit. — Nucleic Acids Res.14: 4969–4986.
Xin, Z.-Y., Appels, R, 1988: Occurrence of rye (Secale cereale) 350-family DNA sequences inAgropyron and otherTriticeae. — Pl. Syst. Evol.160: 65–76.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
McIntyre, C.L., Clarke, B.C. & Appels, R. DNA sequence analyses of the ribosomal spacer regions in theTriticeae . Pl Syst Evol 160, 91–104 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00936712
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00936712