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Temperature-dependent production of two macrolide-like antibiotics produced by an actinomycete (isolate 69B200)

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Summary

Two macrolide-like antibiotics were detected in the fermentation broth of an actinomycete (isolate 69B200) when grown either at 25 or 35°C. This strain showed high resistance to erythromycin, but was sensitive to non-macrolide antibiotics. The purified antibiotic from cultures grown at 25°C (compound I) showed activity againstEscherichia coli: compound II, produced at 35°C, was active againstStaphylococcus aureus. The molecular weights, determined by mass spectrometry, of compounds I and II are 293 and 307, respectively. Both compounds showed peaks in the u.v. spectra at 225 and 275 nm. Infra-red analysis indicated the presence of hydroxyl and carbonyl groups in both compounds: a lactone group was detected in compound II. The ‘H’-NMR spectrum demonstrated the presence of methyl groups in both compounds. Amino sugar is present in both compounds. The physico-chemical properties of the compounds do not correspond to those of any of the known macrolide antibiotics.

Résumé

Deux antibiotiques de type macrolide ont été décelés dans le bouillon de culture d'un actinomycète (souche 69B200). Cette souche présente une forte résistance à l'érythromycine, mais est sensible aux antibiotiques n'appartenant pas au groupe des macrolides. L'antibiotique purifié à partir des cultures développées à 25°C (composé I) est actif à l'égard deEscherichia coli; le composé II, produit à 35°C, agit surStaphylococcus aureus. Les poids moléculaires des composées I et II, déterminés par spectrographie de masse, sont respectivement de 293 et 307 daltons. Les spectres u.v. des deux composés présentent des pics à 225 et 275 nm. L'analyse dans l'i.r. révèle la présence de groupements hydroxyle et carbonyle dans les deux substances et un groupement lactone a été détecté dans le composé II. Le spectre RMH-H montre la présence de groupements méthyle dans les deux substances. D'autre part, chacune d'elles contient un sucre aminé. Les propriétés physico-chimiques de ces composés ne correspondent à celles d'aucun antibiotique macrolide antérieurement connu.

Resumen

Dos antibióticos de tipo macrólido fueron detectados en el caldo de fermentación de un actinomicete (aislado 69B200) cuando éste crecía tanto a 25°C como a 35°C. Esta cepa era muy resistente a la eritromicina siendo, sin embargo, sensible a antibióticos no macrólidos. El antibiótico purificado, a partir de cultivos que crecían a 25°C (compuesto I), mostró actividad contraE. coli. El compuesto II, producido a 35°C, era activo contraS. aureus. Los pesos moleculares, determinados mediante espectrometría de masas, de los compuestos I y II fueron, respectivamente, 293 y 307. Ambos compuestos mostraron picos en el espectro u.v. a 225 y 275 m. Los análisis mediante i.r. mostraron la presencia de grupos hidroxilo y carbonilo en ambos compuestos y de un grupo lactona en el compuesto II. El espectro RMN-‘H’ indicó la existencia de grupos metilo en ambos compuestos. En los dos compuestos hay un azúcar aminado. Las propeidades físico-químicas de ambos compuestos no se corresponden con las de ningún otro antibiótico macrólido conocido hasta el momento.

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Hussain, H.A., Ibrahim, M.A.K., Mahmood, M.J. et al. Temperature-dependent production of two macrolide-like antibiotics produced by an actinomycete (isolate 69B200). Mircen Journal 2, 319–326 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00933498

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