Summary
Blount stapling of the proximal medial tibial growth was performed in 10-week-old domestic pigs. A total of 37 animals for up to 17 weeks were followed up. The histological evaluation showed a different reaction of the growth plate in the medial (stapled), central and lateral area. Up to 6 days after stapling the morphological features were characterized by deviations of the cell column from the axial alignment. Herniations of mature chondrocytes as well as isles of epiphyseal cartilage splintered into the adjacent metaphyseal cancellous bone were seen. From the 10th to the 11th postoperative day on there was a decline in the number of distal hypertrophic and degenerating cartilage cells due to impaired proliferation. Cell atrophy due to disturbed maturation or cell degeneration was evident. Local clusters of chondrocytes with loss of columnar arrangement indicated impaired chondrogenesis. Twenty-eight days after the operation coarses structures and changed alignment of cancellous bone characterized the morphological picture. The postoperative follow-up showed epiphyseal plates bounded by mature bone blocks or even a distinct sheet of horizontally oriented bone plates on the metaphyseal side. Many metaphyseal findings, such as augmented hypertrophic cells in the early postoperative period, or platelike limitations of the epiphyseal plate complete the morphological picture.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arkin AM, Katz JF (1956) The effects of pressure on epiphyseal growth. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 38:1056–1076
Blount WP, Clarke GR (1949) Control of bone growth by epiphyseal stapling. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 31:464–478
Bonnel F, Peruchon E, Baldet P, Dimeglio A, Rabischong P (1983) Effects of compression on growth plates in the rabbit. Acta Orthop Scand 54:730–733
Christensen NO (1973) Growth arrest by stapling. Acta Orthop Scand [Suppl] 151:103
Cotta H, Rauterberg K (1979) Physiologie and Pathologie der Wachstumsfuge. Z Orthop 177:1–12
Draenert K, Draenert Y (1985) The role of the vessels in the growth plate: morphological investigation. Scan Electron Microsc 1:339–344
Ehrlich MG, Mankin HF, Treadwell BV (1972) Biochemical and physiological events during closure of the stapled distal femoral epiphyseal plate in rats. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 54:309–322
Gelbke H (1951) The influence of pressure and tension on growing bone in experiments with animals. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 33:947–954
Goff CW (1967) Der Einfluß der Epiphysenklammerung auf das Wachstum des Knochens im Kindesalter. (Verh Dtsch Orthop Ges). Z Orthop 103:184–188
Goff CW (1967) Histologic arrangements from biopsies of epiphyseal plates of children before and after stapling. Am J Orthop 12:87–89
Gyarmati J, Varga S (1981) The effects of experimental hypothyreosis on the fine structure of the epiphyseal cartilage of young rats. Gegenbaurs Morphol Jahrb 127:860–868
Hert J, Pribylova E, Liskova M (1972) Reaction of bone to mechanical stumuli. III. Microstructure of compact bone of rabbit tibia after intermittent loading. Acta Anat 82: 218–230
Herwig JA, Schmidt A, Matthiaß HH, Kleemann H, Buddecke E (1987) Biochemical events during stapling of the proximal tibial epiphyseal plate in pigs. Clin Orthop 218: 283–289
Karbowski A, Camps L (1985) Morphologische, morphometrische und stereologische Aspekte einseitiger Blount'scher Klammerrung der Wachstumsfuge im Tierexperiment. Z Orthop 123:403–408
Küntzel H (1981) Die Vaskularisation der proximalen Wachstumsfuge der Ulna. Doctoral thesis, Münster
matthiaß HH, Schmidt A, Kleemann H Oosterhoff D, Höhling H (1983) Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Wirkung der Blount'schen Klammerung. Z Orthop 121: 356–357
Peruchon E, Bonnel F, Baldet P, Rabischong P (1980) Evaluation and control of growth activity of epiphyseal plate. Med Biol Eng Comput 18:396–400
Schenk R (1980) Basic histomorphology and physiology of skeletal growth. In: Weber BG, Brunner CH, Freuler F (eds) Treatment of fractures in children and adolescents. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 3–19
Siffert RS (1956) The effect of staples and longitudinal wires on epiphyseal growth. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 38: 1077–1088
Solomon L (1966) Diametric growth of the epiphyseal plate. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 48:170–177
Storey E, Feik SA (1982) Remodelling of bone and bones. Effects of altered mechanical stress on anlages. Br J Exp Pathol 6:184–193
Trueta J, Amato VP (1960) The vascular contribution to osteogenesis. III. Changes in the growth cartilage caused by experimentally induced ischaemia. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 42:571–587
Trueta J, Trias A (1961) The vascular contribution to osteogenesis. IV. The effect of pressure upon the epiphyseal cartilage of the rabbit. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 43:800–813
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Karbowski, A., Camps, L. & Matthiaß, H.H. Histopathological features of unilateral stapling in animal experiments. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 108, 353–358 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00932445
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00932445