Abstract
Of 13 Swedish dairy cows examined, 12 (92.3%) were found to be infected with trypanosomes by cultivation of blood samples. Of the two species of tabanid fly caught close to the cattle, 33.3% of theTabanus brornius and 8.6% of theHaematopota pluvialis were also found to be infected with trypanosomes on dissection. Isoenzyme patterns of trypanosome isolates from oneH. Pluvialis and from six cattle were identical, incriminating this fly species as a vector of the trypanosome. Comparison of these isolates with otherMegatrypanum isolates indicated that the Swedish parasites were a form ofTrypanosoma theileri and thatT. theileri and the badger parasiteT. pestanai are closely related. An isolate of aMegatrypanum from a buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in Kenya was entirely different fromT. theileri.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baker JR (1958) The examination of blood slides from wild animals. Reports of the East African Trypanosomiasis Research Organization, 1956–1957, pp 30–31. Government Printer, Nairobi
Bergman AM, Waxberg H (1915) Omblodstalling, piroplasmos hos nötkreatur i Sverge. Skand Veterinärtidskr 5:23–40
Böse R, Friedhoff KT, Olbrich S, Büscher G, Domeyer I (1987) Transmission ofTrypanosoma theileri to cattle by Tabanidae. Parasitol Res 73:421–424
Brooker BE (1971) flagellar adhesion ofCrithidia fasciculata to millipore filters. Protoplasma 72:19–25
Dirie MF, Bornstein S, Wallbanks KR, Molyneux DH, Steen M (1990) Comparative studies onMegatrypanum trypanosomes from cervids. Trop Med Parasitol 41:198–202
Evans DA, Ellis DS (1983) Recent observations on the behaviour of certain trypanosomes within their hosts. Adv Parasitol 22:1–42
Foil LD (1989) Tabanids as vectors of disease agents. Parasitol Today 59(3):88–96
Grewal MS (1960) On a new trypanosome,Trypanosoma helogalei Grewal, 1956, from the blood of an African mongooseHelogale undulata rufula Peters. Ind J Med Res 48:418–432
Herbert IV (1964)Trypanosoma theileri, Laveran, 1902, a cosmopolitan parasite of cattle. Vet Bull Weybridge 34:563–570
Hoare CA (1972) The trypanosomes of mammals. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford
Kaddu JB, Mutinga MT (1980)Trypanosoma congolense in the basement lumina of the anterior mid-gut cells ofGlossina pallidipes. Acta Trop 37:91–92
Kraneveld FC (1931) Enkele overbrengingsproeven vanTrypanosoma theileri Laveran, 1902 met tabaniden. Ned-Ind Blad Diergeneskd 43:132–192
Kreutzer RD (1977) Fast sensitive procedure for identifying genetic variations of phosphoglucomutase in certain genera of mosquitoes. Mosq News 37:407–409
Krinsky WI (1976) Animal disease agents transmitted by horse flies and deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae). J Med Entomol 13:225–275
Lanham SM, Grendon JM, Miles MA, Povoa MM, De Sousa AA (1981) A comparison of electrophoretic methods for isoenzyme characterization of trypanosomatids: I. Standard stocks ofT. cruzi zymodemes from northeast Brazil. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 75:742–750
Laveran A (1902) Sur un nouveau trypanosome des bovides (Trypanosoma theileri). C R Acad Sci 134:512–514
Mohamed HA, Molyneux DH (1987) In-vitro cultivation ofHerpetosoma trypanosomes in insect cell tissue media. Parasitol Res 73:9–14
Mohamed HA, Molyneux DH, Scott CM (1987) Isoenzyme characterization of trypanosomes of the subgenusHerpetosoma. Parasitology 94:38–48
Mohamed HA, Maraghi S, Wallbanks KR, Molyneux DH (1988) In-vitro cultivation ofHerpetosoma trypanosomes on embryonic fibroblasts and semidefined cell free medium. J Parasitol 74:421–426
Molyneux DH (1969) Intracellular stages ofTrypanosoma lewisi in fleas and an attempt to find such stages in other trypanosome species. Parasitology 59:737–744
Molyneux DH (1975)Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum), melophagium: mode of attachment of parasites to the midgut and rectum of the sheep ked,Melophagus ovinus. Acta Trop 32:64–73
Molyneux DH (1977) Vector relationship in the Trypanosomatidae. Adv Parasitol 15:1–82
Molyneux DH, Selkirk M, Lavin D (1978)Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) melophagium in the sheep ked,Melophagus ovinus. Acta Trop 35:319–328
Mungomba LM, Molyneux DH, Wallbanks KR (1989) Host-parasite relationship ofTrypanosoma corvi inOrnithomyia avicularia. Parasitol Res 75:167–174
Nöller W (1916) Die Übertragung desTrypanosoma theileri Laveran, 1902. Berl Tierärztl Wochenschr 32:457–460
Nöller W (1925) Der Nachweis des Überträgers des gemeinen Rinder-TrypanosomasT. theileri mit Hilfe des Kulturverfahrens. Zentralbl Bakteriol Parasitenkd 79:133–142
Packchanian AA (1957) The isolation and cultivation of hemoflagellates in pure culture from six species of insects. Tex Rep Biol Med 15:399–410
Rioux JA, Albaret JL, Bres A, Dumas A (1966) Presence deTrypanosoma pestanai Bettencort et Franca, 1905 chez, les Blaireaux du sud de la France. Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 41:281–288
Ryan L (1981) Sampling techniques in relation to the study of tsetse ecology. PhD Thesis, University of Salford
Taylor AER, Baker JR (1968) Cultivation of parasites in vitro. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford
Wallace FC (1966) The trypanosomatid parasites of insects and arachnids. Exp Parasitol 18:124–193
Weakly BS (1981) Biological transmission electron microscopy. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh London Melbourne New York, pp 2–84
Wells EA (1972) Infections of cattle with trypanosomes of the subgenusMegatrypanum (Hoare, 1964). CAB Review series 10. Farnham Royal, UK
Wells EA (1976) SubgenusMegatryponum. In: Lumsden WHR, Evans DA (eds) The biology of kinetoplastida, vol 1. Academic Press, London New York San Francisco, pp 257–284
Woo PTK (1969) The haematocrit for the detection of trypanosomes in the blood. Can J Zool 47:921–923
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dirie, M.F., Bornstein, S., Wallbanks, K.R. et al. Zymogram and life-history studies on trypanosomes of the subgenusMegatrypanum . Parasitol Res 76, 669–674 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00931085
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00931085