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Capital formation as a problem of economic theory some aspects

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“The issue of capital shortage may perhaps better be raised as: Shortage for whom? The sometimes heated discussion may have more to do with distribution of income and particularly wealth than with their aggregates” (Eisner, 1977).

Zusammenfassung

Den Ausgangspunkt bildet die Diskussion über den Kapitalmangel und die Auswirkungen des öffentlichen Sektors auf die Kapitalbildung. Ziel des Aufsatzes ist die Herausarbeitung von verschiedenen Problemen, die zur Folge haben, daß die Wirtschaftstheorie wichtige Fragen über die gesamtwirtschaftliche Realkapitalbildung nicht beantworten kann.

Zunächst ergibt eine Untersuchung der Kriterien, die für die Begründung eines Kapitalmangels üblicherweise herangezogen werden, daß diese Kriterien unzureichend sind. Dann wird anhand von drei Gegenüberstellungen illustriert, daß die Sicht des Prozesses der Kapitalbildung entscheidend von Basishypothesen über Sparverhalten, Investitionsverhalten und Rolle der Finanzmärkte geprägt wird, die zu völlig entgegengesetzen Schulußfolgerungen führen können. Weiters wird für den Bereich des öffentlichen Sektors der Einfluß der Gewinnbesteuerung und der staatlichen Pensionsversicherung erörtert und gezeigt, daß die theoretische Analyse keine eindeutigen Aussagen zuläßt, und daß auch die zahlreichen empirischen Studien keine Klärung der offenen Fragen gebracht haben. Zur Frage Kapitalbildung und Wirtschaftswachstum wird mit Hilfe eines didaktischen Modells dargelegt, wie unerwartete Rückwirkungen zu dem paradoxen Ergebnis führen können, daß eine Investitionsförderung die Verringerung von Wachstum und Investitionsquote zur Folge hat.

Der Aufsatz schließt mit vier Thesen:

  1. 1.

    Es gibt keine wissenschaftlich befriedigenden (hnd empirisch anwendbaren) Kritieren für einen “Kapitalmangel”.

  2. 2.

    Die unmittelbaren Effekte des öffentlichen Sektors auf die Kapitalbildung sind theoretisch und empirisch ungeklärt.

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Orosel, G.O. Capital formation as a problem of economic theory some aspects. Empirica 9, 31–48 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00928158

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