Summary
In pupae ofGalleria mellonella L.,Pieris brassicae L. andLymantria monacha L. the encapsulation of injected pieces of nylon thread is checked, if the threads are provided with a cover of secretions. As the combination of the three secretions effects a stronger checking than each of them, a cooperative mechanism of the checking system is assumed. ConcerningLymantria dispar L. the gland secretions did not reduce the encapsulation. Beside an obvious dependence of the effect of the secretions on dose, sensitiveness of the hemocytes which are involved in encapsulation, towards the particular secretions, plays an important role as well. This sensitiveness seems to be proper to host species and concerning some of them it can even be modified by the influence of temperature.
This checking effect of the secretions is based on the inhibition of the typical hemocyte reaction, i.e., the development of cytoplasmatic pseudopodia with which hemocytes stick to the surface of a foreign body within the body cavity of the insect in order to form a capsule. On the hemocytes ofGilpinia hercyniae Htg. (Hym., Diprionidae) none of these secretions exerts a checking effect.
This gives reason for the assumption that the secretory checking system of femalePimpla turionellae is specific for lepidopterous hosts. Chemical mechanisms, which might be involved in the blocking effect, are also discussed.
Zusammenfassung
In den Puppen einiger Lepidopterenarten wird die hämocytäre Einkapselung implantierter Nylonfadenstücke durch die Sekrete der drei Genitalanhangsdrüsen desPimpla-Weibchens gehemmt. Der Grad der von den einzeln oder kombiniert angebrachten Sekreten induzierten Wirkung ist teils dosisabhängig, teils wird er durch wirtsartspezifische Eigentümlichkeiten modifiziert. In den relativ großen Puppen vonL. dispar war kein Hemmeffekt festzustellen.
Die Hemmung beruht auf der Blockierung der Bildung pseudopodialer Cytoplasmafortsätze bei jenen Hämocytentypen, die aufgrund dieser Fähigkeit an der Einkapselung hauptsächlich beteiligt sind. Diese Sensitivität der Hämocyten gegenüber den Drüsensekreten fehlt bei der HymenoptereGilpinia; bei den untersuchtenLymantria-Arten hängt sie teilweise von der thermischen Vorbehandlung der Puppen ab. Chemische Wirkungsmechanismen, die diesem Blockierungseffekt zugrunde liegen könnten, werden diskutiert.
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Osman, S.E. Die Wirkung der Sekrete der weiblichen Genitalanhangsdrüsen vonPimpla turionellae L. (Hym., Ichneumonidae) auf die Hämocyten und die Einkapselungsreaktion von Wirtspuppen. Z. Parasitenkd. 57, 89–100 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00927631
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00927631