Zusammenfassung
Die traditionelle U/V-Analyse basiert auf der Annahme, daß die Job-Vermittlungstechnologie auf dem Arbeitsmarkt linear homogen ist. Denn nur in diesem Fall lassen sich Verschiebungen der Beveridge-Kurve eindeutig als Anstieg oder Verringerung der Struktur- bzw. Friktionsarbeitslosigkeit interpretieren. Weist hingegen die Vermittlungstechnologie steigende oder sinkende Skalenerträge auf, so können Verschiebungen der Kurve auch durch Veränderungen im Transaktionsniveau auf dem Arbeitsmarkt hervorgerufen werden. Die ökonometrischen Schätzungen der “Matchingfunktion” mit österreichischen Daten zeigen, daß diese leicht steigende Skalenerträge aufweist; die Skalenerträge sind freilich nicht so groß, daß durch sie die Außenverschiebung der österreichischen Beveridge-Kurve in den achtziger Jahren erklärt werden könnte.
Abstract
TraditionalU/V analysis so far has been based on the assumption that the matching technology is linear-homogeneous. Only if this assumption holds, shifts of the Beveridge curve can be regarded without more ado as an increase or decrease of structural and/or frictional unemployment. If, however, the matching technology exhibits increasing or decreasing returns to scale, shifts of the Beveridge curve, leaving a variation in the matching probability aside, may be due to an increase or decrease in the matching activity level. The empirical results using Austrian data suggest that slightly increasing returns to scale are present in the matching process, but these are not so high that the observed shifts in the steady-state Beveridge curve could be explained by this fact.
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I am indebted for helpful comments to Wolfgang Franz, Klaus Neusser, Karl Pichelmann, Denis Snower, Herbert Walther, and three anonymous referees.
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Christl, J. Shifts of the beveridge curve and the matching technology. Empirica 18, 33–45 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00925000
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00925000